轴扭复合冲击工具的研制与应用

Development and Applications of a Compound Axial and Torsional Impact Drilling Tool

刘书斌 倪红坚 张恒

LIU Shubin NI Hongjian ZHANG Heng

中国石油大学（华东）石油工程学院，山东青岛 266580 非常规油气开发教育部重点实验室（中国石油大学（华东）），山东青岛 266580

School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Unconventional Oil & Gas Development(China University of Petroleum (East China)), Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, China

为提高PDC钻头破岩效率并减小钻具的粘滑振动，研制了一种轴扭复合冲击工具。该工具以自激振荡脉冲射流为能量来源，通过螺旋面结构将轴向冲击力转换为轴扭复合冲击力进行破岩，具有结构简单和轴向、扭向冲击力同步作用的特点。现场应用结果表明：与常规钻具相比，轴扭复合冲击工具的机械钻速提高了95.2%～193.8%，单只钻头进尺增加了46.4%～229.2%；与螺杆钻具相比，轴扭复合冲击工具的机械钻速提高了71.0%；与轴向冲击工具相比，轴扭复合冲击工具的机械钻速提高了66.3%，单只钻头进尺增加了194.0%；与扭向冲击工具相比，轴扭复合冲击工具的机械钻速提高了30.2%～46.8%，单只钻头进尺增加了17.2%～191.8%。研究表明，轴扭复合冲击工具可以提高破岩效率，减小硬地层的粘滑振动，破岩提速效果显著，具有推广应用价值。

To improve the rock-breaking efficiency of PDC bits and reduce stick-slip vibration, a compound axial and torsional impact tool was developed. This tool, characterized by a simple structure and the synchronous action of axial and torsional impacts, is used to break rocks. To do so, it used a self-excited oscillation pulse jet as its energy source, and converted axial impact force into compound axial and torsional impacts through helical surface structure. Field applications showed that: compared with conventional drilling tools, the ROP of this compound axial and torsional impact tool was increased by 95.2%–193.8%, and the footage of a single bit was increased by 46.4%–229.2%. Compared with PDM drills, the ROP of this tool was increased by 71.0% while compared with axial impact tools, the ROP of this tool was increased by 66.3%, and the footage of a single bit was increased by 194.0%. Compared with torsional impact tools, the ROP of this tool was increased by 30.2%–46.8%, and the footage of a single bit was increased by 17.2%–191.8%. The research results showed that the developed compound axial and torsional impact tool can improve rock-breaking efficiency and reduce the stick-slip vibration in hard formations. With its remarkable rock-breaking effects and ROP improvement, this tool is worth of application and widespread implementation.

国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“水平井钻柱仿蚯蚓振/蠕动载荷传递及控制机理研究”（编号：51704323）资助

https://doi.org/10.11911/syztjs.2020072