电爆冲击波增渗解堵技术试验研究

Experimental Research on Permeability Enhancement and Plug Removal by Means of an Electric Explosion Shock Wave

周鹏 杜孝友 曹砚锋 于继飞 江海畏 薛启龙

ZHOU Peng DU Xiaoyou CAO Yanfeng YU Jifei JIANG Haiwei XUE Qilong

中国地质大学（北京）工程技术学院，北京 100083 自然资源部深部钻探重点实验室，北京 100083 海洋石油高效开发国家重点实验室，北京 100028 中海油研究总院，北京 100028

School of Engineering and Technology, China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China Key Laboratory of Deep Geodrilling Technology, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing, 100083, China State Key Laboratory of Offshore Oil Exploitation, Beijing, 100028, China CNOOC Research Institute, Beijing, 100028, China

常规油水井解堵技术存在工艺复杂、成本高和环境污染严重等问题，电爆冲击波增渗解堵技术因具有解堵增渗效果好、能量可控和环保等优势而成为研究热点。在分析电爆冲击波增渗解堵机理的基础上，研制了电爆冲击波试验装置，进行了电容、充电电压及金属丝直径对电爆冲击波压力峰值的影响试验，并进行了模拟地层压力环境下的电爆冲击波造缝及解堵效果评价试验。结果表明，冲击波压力峰值随着充电电压增大呈线性增大，金属丝直径对冲击波压力峰值影响不大，存在一个使冲击波压力峰值最大的最优电容，验证了电爆冲击波可以扩展储层岩石的裂缝并产生新的微裂缝，而且能达到增渗解堵的效果。研究结果为推动电爆冲击波增渗解堵技术研究及现场试验奠定了基础。

Using an electric explosion shock wave to enhance permeability and remove plugging have become a hot topic because of the possibility for better control and also better environmental protection. Conventional plugging removal techniques for oil and water wells present problems that include complicated processes, high cost and serious environmental pollution. For that reason, permeability enhancement and plugging removal techniques from electric explosion shock wave have become a research hot spot for the advantages of good plugging removal and permeability enhancement effect, controllable energy, environmental protection, etc. By analyzing the mechanism of permeability enhancement and plugging removal from electric explosion shock wave, an experimental device for the influence factors evaluation was developed. The effects of capacitance, charging voltage and wire diameter on the peak pressure of electric explosion shock wave were tested, and the electric explosion shock wave fracture-generating and plugging removal were evaluated under the simulated in-situ conditions of the reservoir. The experimental results show that the shock wave peak pressure increases linearly with charging voltage, and wire diameter has little effect on the shock wave peak pressure. There is an optimal capacitance that maximizes the shock wave peak pressure, which verifies that the electric explosion shock wave can trigger fracture propagation in reservoir and generate new microcracks, hence enhancing permeability enhancement and facilitating plugging removal. The research results provide a baseline for promoting the research and field test permeability enhancement and plugging removal from electric explosion shock wave.

海洋石油高效开发国家重点实验室开放基金课题“电爆冲击波解堵技术适应性研究”及国家科技重大专项课题“海上稠油油田高效开发钻采技术”（2016ZX05025-002）”联合资助

https://doi.org/10.11911/syztjs.2020033