可再生生物合成基钻井液体系研究

Research on Renewable Biosynthetic-Based Drilling Fluid Systems

解宇宁

XIE Yuning

中国石油辽河油田分公司钻采工艺研究院，辽宁盘锦 124010 石油工业入井流体质量监督检验中心，辽宁盘锦 124010

Drilling and Oil Production Technology Research Institute, PetroChina Liaohe Oilfield Company, Panjin, Liaoning, 124010, China Quality Supervising and Testing Center for Well-Entering Fluid of Petroleum Industry, Panjin, Liaoning, 124010, China

油基钻井液普遍存在基础油难以降解、不可再生等缺点，为此，利用天然生物油脂，通过催化加氢、分子异构等合成了生物合成基础油，以该基础油和改性有机土为主，通过优选其他钻井液添加剂及加量，形成了可再生生物合成基钻井液体系。生物合成基础油是C12—C24的支链异构烷烃混合物，具有优良的安全环保性和黏温特性。室内性能评价试验结果表明，可再生生物合成基钻井液体系的高温高压滤失量低于12 mL，沉降稳定性好，破乳电压在768 V以上，96 h半致死浓度大于1 000 000 mg/L，能抗20%地层水和10%劣土的侵入，岩屑滚动回收率达到98.06%，经其污染的岩心其渗透率恢复率为83.5%～92.3%。研究结果表明，生物合成基础油具有低毒环保、可降解、可再生等优点，可再生生物合成基钻井液在乳液稳定、抗污染、润滑、抑制、储层保护、安全环保等方面均表现出良好的性能，完全能满足复杂地质条件对钻井液的需求。

Oil-based drilling fluids generally have various disadvantages, for example, the base oil is difficult to degrade and non-renewable. Therefore, an investigation on the renewable biosynthesis oil-based drilling fluid system was carried out. The biosynthetic base oils were synthesized by the catalytic hydrogenation and molecular isomerization of natural bio-oils and fats. Based on the biosynthetic base oil and modified organic soil, the renewable biosynthesis-based drilling fluid system was formed through adding other drilling fluid additives and the optimized dosage, and its performance was evaluated. The biosynthetic base oil was a mixture of C12–C24 branched isoparaffins, which had excellent safety, environmental protection and viscosity-temperature properties. The high temperature and high pressure filtration loss of the renewable biosynthesis-based drilling fluid system was lower than 12 mL, the sedimentation stability was good, the demulsification voltage was up to 768 V, and the 96 h semi-lethal concentration was greater than 1 000 000 mg/L. The biosynthetic oil was able to resist the invasion of 20% formation water and 10% inferior soil, and the rolling recovery rate of cuttings reached 98.06%; the permeability recovery rate of the contaminated cores was up to 83.5%–92.3%. The research results showed that the oil with a biosynthetic base possessed the advantages of low toxicity, environmental protection, degradability and regenerability. The prepared drilling fluid exhibited good properties in emulsion stability, anti-pollution, lubrication, inhibition, reservoir protection, safety and environmental protection, which fully met the needs of drilling fluids under complex geological conditions.

https://doi.org/10.11911/syztjs.2019097