耐高温清洁压裂液体系HT-160的研制及性能评价

Development and Performance Evaluation of High Temperature Resistant Clean Fracturing Fluid System HT-160

毛金成 杨小江 宋志峰 张俊江 王雷 赵金洲

MAO Jincheng YANG Xiaojiang SONG Zhifeng ZHANG Junjiang WANG Lei ZHAO Jinzhou

油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室(西南石油大学), 四川成都 610500; 中国石化西北油田分公司工程技术研究院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

State Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China; Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering and Technology, Sinopec Northwest Oilfield Company, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China

针对目前聚合物压裂液破胶后残渣含量大且已有清洁压裂液耐温性差、稠化剂用量大、成本高等不足，通过分子结构设计、室内合成、性能评价及控制条件优化，制备了一种性能优越的Gemini型阳离子黏弹性表面活性剂，并将其作为稠化剂，然后通过配方优化，配制了由5.0%的稠化剂和少量无机盐（氯化钾和溴化钾）组成的清洁压裂液HT-160。室内试验显示，该压裂液体系表现出明显的弹性特征，具有很好的支撑剂悬浮性能，在160℃、170 s-1测试条件下剪切2 h后，黏度仍然保持在40 mPa·s左右，而且与煤油接触后能够彻底破胶、无残渣。研究结果表明，该压裂液体系能够满足深部储层压裂作业的要求，耐温可达160℃。

Due to the fact that commonly used polymer fracturing fluids possess high residue content after gel breaking,also accompanied by by poor temperature resistance,a need for large volumes of thickener,and a high cost,a type of Gemini cationic viscoelastic surfactant with good performance has been developed.It was synthesized by taking into consideration molecular structure design,indoor synthesis,properties evaluation and optimization of the control conditions,which could convert it into a thickener.Finally,a new clean fracturing fluid HT-160 was developed by combining 5.0% of the thickener and a small amount of inorganic salts(potassium chloride and potassium bromide)by means of formula optimization.Indoor test results showed that the fracturing fluid system had obvious elastic characteristic and good suspension property,its viscosity could be kept at around 40 mPa·s after shearing for 2 hours under the conditions of 160℃ and 170 s-1.It could then be thoroughly broken without any residue after fully establishing contact with the kerosene.The study indicated that the fracturing fluid system could meet the requirement of deep reservoir fracturing operation,possessing a temperature resistance up to 160℃.

国家科技重大专项"大型油气田及煤层气开发"（编号：2016ZX05053）、国家自然科学基金重大项目"页岩地层动态随机裂缝控制机理及无水压裂理论"（编号：51490653）、国家重点基础研究发展计划（"973"计划）项目"页岩气储层压裂改造机理研究"（编号：2013CB228004）、四川省青年科技基金"页岩气开发中管柱防腐工艺研究"（编号：2017JQ0010）联合资助。

https://doi.org/10.11911/syztjs.201706019