页岩气储层工程地质力学一体化技术进展与探讨

Advances in Shale Gas Reservoir Engineering and Geomechanics Integration Technology and Relevant Discussions

杨恒林 乔磊 田中兰

YANG Henglin QIAO Lei TIAN Zhonglan

中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院, 北京 102206; 油气钻井技术国家工程实验室(中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院), 北京 102206

CNPC Drilling Research Institute, Beijing, 102206, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Oil and Gas Drilling Technology (CNPC Drilling Research Institute), Beijing, 102206, China

南方复杂山地海相页岩气水平井钻井完井过程中存在井壁稳定性、井筒完整性和储层可压性等工程地质力学问题与挑战，套管变形已经成为制约页岩气资源高效开发的生产技术难点。综述了地质力学一体化建模、岩石力学各向异性测试和胶结结构基础性研究进展，建立了龙马溪组优质页岩构造模型和地质力学参数模型，以龙11亚段页岩为例，分析了矿物组分、胶结结构和剪切摩擦特性对裂缝稳态-非稳态扩展的影响，揭示了页岩颗粒矿物支撑结构的非稳态破坏和黏土胶结结构的稳态破坏机理。研究结果表明，强化地质工程一体化技术研究，依据水平井眼穿越不同小层的矿物组分、胶结结构和地质力学特征进行分段分簇压裂方案设计，可以实现我国页岩气的高效开发。

Problems and challenges related to the reservoir engineering and geomechanics,such as wellbore stability,wellbore integrity and reservoir compressibility are often encountered in the process of horizontal drilling and completion in the shale gas reservoirs with marine facies and complex mountainous landforms in South China.Casing deformation has already become one of the problems hindering the development of shale gas resources efficiently.In this paper,the advance in modelling geomechanic integration,anisotropic tests of rock mechanics and basic research on cementation structure were summarized,and used to develop an excellent shale structure model and a geomechanic model for shale reservoirs in Longmaxi Formation.Taking the shale of Long 11 section as an example,the impacts of mineral compositionscementation structures and shear friction on the steady state-unsteady propagation of fractures were analyzedand revealed the mechanisms of unsteady destruction of shale granule mineral support structures and steady destruction of clay cementation structures.Research results indicated that it is essential to enhance the integration of geology and engineering,and design the fracturing plans staged based on the mineral compositions,cementation structures and geomechanics of the layers indicated in horizontal wells,so as to achieve the efficient development of shale gas in China.

国家科技重大专项"工厂化钻井关键技术研究与应用"（编号：2016ZX05000-001）和"昭通页岩气勘探开发示范工程"（编号：2017ZX05063）部分研究内容。

https://doi.org/10.11911/syztjs.201702005