国内外水力振荡器的研究现状及展望

Research Status and Prospect of Hydraulic Oscillator Worldwide

明瑞卿 张时中 王海涛 洪毅 姜书龙

Ming Ruiqing Zhang Shizhong Wang Haitao Hong Yi Jiang Shulong

长江大学石油工程学院, 湖北武汉 430100; 中石化河南石油工程有限公司, 河南郑州 450018; 中国石油塔里木油田分公司, 新疆库尔勒 841000; 东北煤田地质局, 辽宁沈阳 110013

School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430100, China; Sinopec Henan Oilfield Service Corporation, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450018, China; PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla, Xinjiang, 841000, China; Northeast Coalfield Geological Bureau, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110013, China

针对目前定向井段和水平段钻进过程中为提高机械钻速使用水力振荡器出现的问题,分析了水力振荡器的研究现状与现场应用状况。首先介绍了国内外不同水力振荡器的结构,分析了其优缺点;然后结合现场资料,通过实例对比了水力振荡器和旋转导向钻井工具的提速效果;最后针对水力振荡器在应用时出现的一系列问题给出了相关建议。现场应用效果统计资料表明,水力振荡器能降低摩阻,提高机械钻速,缩短钻井周期,降低钻井成本,与旋转导向工具相比,机械钻速可提高29.8%,钻井成本可降低38万元。但存在实际工作排量达不到设计要求、安放位置不合理、自身压耗高、损坏MWD等精密仪器和耐冲蚀性偏差等问题,严重影响了水力振荡器的应用。为解决这些问题,需要对水力振荡器进行持续完善和改进。

Because drilling problems can occur when hydraulic oscillators are used to increase the rate of penetration (ROP) in directional and horizontal sectiondrilling, the application and research status of hydraulic oscillators were studied. Firstly, analysis was performed on various hydraulic oscillators in other parts of the world to determine advantages and disadvantages based on their structures. Then, a comparison study was carried out on the velocity improvement between hydraulic oscillators and rotary steering tools based on their field application. And finally, a series of recommendations were proposed. Hydraulic oscillators can decrease friction, improve ROP, shorten drilling cycle and reduce drilling cost. Compared with rotary steering tools, hydraulic oscillators can increase ROP by 29.8% and reduce drilling cost by RMB 380 000 Yuan. In practical operation, however, the application of the hydraulic oscillators isstrongly influenced by improper pumping rate and tools setting, and due to its high pressure consumption, precision instruments (e.g. MWD) may be damaged and resistance to erosion is not satisfactory. In order to solve these problems,it is necessary to continuously improve hydraulic oscillators.

国家科技重大专项"海相碳酸盐岩油气井井筒关键技术"(编号:2011ZX05005-006)资助。

https://doi.org/10.11911/syztjs.201505020