高频振动钻具冲击下岩石响应机理及破岩试验分析

Rock Response Mechanism and Rock Breaking Test Analysis for Impact of High Frequency Vibration Drilling Tool

李玮 闫铁 张志超 李连群

Li Wei Yan Tie Zhang Zhichao Li Lianqun

东北石油大学石油工程学院, 黑龙江大庆 163318; 中国石油新疆油田公司采油二厂, 新疆克拉玛依 834000; 中国石油新疆油田公司风城油田, 新疆克拉玛依 834000

School of Petroleum Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163318, China; No.2 Oil Production Plant, Xinjiang Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Karamay, Xinjiang, 834000, China; Fengcheng Oilfield Area, Xinjiang Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Karamay, Xinjiang, 834000, China

为了研究深井、超深井硬地层中高频振动冲击钻井的破岩机理及破岩效果，基于机械振动原理，建立了高频振动激励下有限深度范围内岩石稳态振动响应的幅频特性模型，分析了井底岩石的响应特点。通过PDC钻头的旋转、高频振动冲击的联合破岩试验，分析了转速、频率等参数对振动冲击钻井机械钻速的影响。结果表明：随着振动冲击激励频率增大，机械钻速逐渐增大；振动冲击激励频率为1 400~1 500 Hz时，机械钻速达到最大，与无振动冲击激励相比增幅为93.5%~106.3%。理论研究和试验结果都证明，高频振动冲击能够降低岩石抗钻能力，提高破岩效率。

In order to study the rock breaking mechanism and effect of high frequency vibration impact drilling in hard formations of deep and ultra deep wells,based on the principle of mechanical vibration,the amplitude frequency characteristics model of rock steady vibration response was established under the limited depth under high frequency vibration excitation,and the bottom hole rock response characteristics were analyzed.On this basis,through joint rock breaking test with PDC bit rotation and high frequency vibration impact,the effects of parameters such as speed of rotation and frequency on the rate of penetration of vibration drilling were analyzed.Experimental results showed that with the vibration impact excitation frequency increased,the rate of penetration increased gradually;between the frequency of 1 400-1 500 hz,rate of penetration reached the maximum,at this point,the increase in the rate of penetration was between 93.5% and 106.3%.Theoretical research and experimental results had proved that the high frequency vibration shock could lower rock resistance,and increase rock breaking efficiency.

国家重点基础研究发展计划（“973”计划）项目“深井复杂地层破岩机理与高效破岩方法”（编号：2010CB226703）、国家自然科学“钻头谐振激励下岩石的响应机制及破碎机理研究”（编号：51274072）和中国博士后科学基金第6次特别资助项目“微进尺谐振冲击器设计及其破岩实验研究”（编号：2013T60343）资助。

https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-0890.2013.06.005