油气勘探开发中的工程地质力学问题及研究方法

Engineering Geological Mechanics Issues and Research Methods in Oil and Gas Exploration and Development

李皋 张毅 杨旭

LI Gao ZHANG Yi YANG Xu

油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室·西南石油大学, 四川 成都 610500

National Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploration, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China

工程地质力学研究在复杂油气藏勘探开发及地质-工程一体化中的作用日趋重要，但目前还有诸多问题需要探索，其中最为核心的是地层岩石的地质演变与力学研究结合尚不够紧密。以岩石力学性质随地质演变为内在联系，综合沉积相、成岩作用、构造演化及工程影响，将地质和工程因素更为紧密地结合到工程地质力学研究中。所形成的新方法强调在区域三维地质构造建模的基础上，根据不同岩类的地质演变特征实现区域—井区—单井跨尺度岩石力学参数赋值。在建立区域岩石力学相后，结合井工程的干扰机制，逆向修正参数场，从而优化和调整井工程设计，提高区域地质认识和地质信息预测的准确性，可为地应力评价、裂缝展布预测、孔隙压力系统分析、产能评价等提供科学研究手段。

The role of engineering geomechanics research in complex oil and gas reservoir exploration and development, as well as in integrated geological engineering, is becoming increasingly important. However, there are still many issues that need to be explored, among which the most critical is the insufficient integration of the geological evolution and mechanics research of stratum rocks. By taking the rock mechanics properties that vary with geological evolution as the intrinsic connection, this approach integrates sedimentary facies, diagenesis, tectonic evolution, and engineering impacts to more closely combine geological and engineering factors in engineering geomechanics research. The new method formed emphasizes building regional three-dimensional geological structural models and assigning rock mechanics parameters across regional-well zone-single well scales according to the geological evolution characteristics of different rock types. After establishing regional rock mechanics phases, the parameter fields are inversely corrected by combining the interference mechanisms of well engineering, thereby optimizing and adjusting well engineering design, improving the accuracy of regional geological understanding and geological information prediction. This provides scientific research methods for stress evaluation, fracture distribution prediction, pore pressure system analysis, and productivity evaluation.

10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2023.02.26.01