自修复水凝胶的研究进展及油气田应用

Progress of Researches on Self Repairing Hydrogel and Its Application in Oil and Gas Fields

凃宏俊 周明 李彤彤

TUHongjun ZHOUMing LITongtong

西南石油大学新能源与材料学院, 四川 成都 610500 油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室·西南石油大学, 四川 成都 610500

School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China

针对自修复水凝胶能够模仿自然界中植物受损后从分子水平上对受损部位进行自修复的现象，对自修复水凝胶设计和合成基本原理进行了归纳总结。自修复水凝胶主要分为化学型自修复水凝胶和物理型自修复水凝胶。化学型自修复水凝胶大体上又可分为基于Diels-Alder加成反应的自修复水凝胶、基于可逆二硫键的自修复水凝胶和基于酰腙键的自修复水凝胶；物理型自修复水凝胶大体上可分为基于氢键作用的自修复水凝胶、基于主客体相互作用的自修复水凝胶和基于静电相互作用的自修复水凝胶等类型。自修复水凝胶不仅保留了传统水凝胶良好的吸水保水性、生物相容性等性能，而且其具有的自修复性能可以有效地延长材料的使用寿命、降低材料的使用成本。在此基础上，分析讨论了自修复水凝胶在油气田、生物医药等领域的潜在应用价值和应用情况，并对自修复水凝胶在油气田领域的发展趋势进行了展望。

In view of the phenomenon that self-healing hydrogels can imitate the damaged parts of plants in nature to repair themselves at the molecular level, the basic principles of design and synthesis of self-healing hydrogels are summarized. Self-healing hydrogels are mainly divided into chemical self-healing hydrogels and physical self-healing hydrogels. In general, chemical self-healing hydrogels can be divided into self-healing hydrogels based on Diels——Alder addition reaction, self-healing hydrogels based on reversible disulfide bond and self-healing hydrogels based on acylhydrazone bond; physical self-healing hydrogels can be divided into self-healing hydrogels based on hydrogen bonding, self-healing hydrogels based on host guest interaction, and self-healing hydrogels based on electrostatic interaction. Self-healing hydrogel not only retains the good water absorption, water retention, biocompatibility and other properties of traditional hydrogel, but also has self-healing properties that can effectively extend the service life of materials and reduce the use cost of materials. On this basis, the potential application value and situation of self-healing hydrogel in oil and gas fields, biomedicine and other fields are analyzed and discussed, and the development trend of self-healing hydrogel in oil and gas fields is prospected.

10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2020.06.10.04