基于负刚度原理的低刚度及间隙模拟技术研究

Low Stiffness and Gap Simulation Technology Based on Negative Stiffness Principle

徐钦炜 王斐

XU Qinwei WANG Fei

航空工业成都飞机设计研究所, 四川 成都 610091

AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Design and Research Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan 610091, China

针对颤振专业的相关地面试验和风洞试验中支持系统低刚度以及间隙非线性模拟困难的问题，开展了低刚度及间隙模拟技术的研究。研究中通过分析正负刚度并联支持系统的力学原理，获取了系统的刚度表达式以及在平衡位置处的零刚度条件。据此设计了一种正负刚度并联系统，并开展相关试验。试验表明，该系统刚度呈非线性，并且与理论分析结果吻合。在此基础上，讨论了利用该系统模拟飞行器翼面间隙的可能性，设计了一种基于正负刚度并联机构间隙模拟装置，并开展相关试验。试验结果表明，该间隙模拟装置不仅可以较好地模拟间隙，还可以通过调整相关参数调整间隙的大小。通过此项研究，探索了一种新型的、可应用于各类飞机或颤振风洞模型的低刚度以及刚度非线性支持系统模拟技术，具有良好的工程适用性和应用价值。

In order to solve the problem of low stiffness of support system and the difficulty of nonlinear simulation of clearance in flutter related ground tests and wind tunnel tests, the simulation technology of low stiffness and clearance is studied. By analyzing the mechanical principle of the parallel support system with positive and negative stiffness, the stiffness expression of the system and the zero stiffness condition at the equilibrium position are obtained. According to this, a parallel system with positive and negative stiffness is designed, and relevant experiments are carried out. The experimental results show that the stiffness of the system is nonlinear, and it is in good agreement with the theoretical analysis results. On this basis, the possibility of using this system to simulate the airfoil clearance of aircraft is discussed, and a clearance simulation device based on positive and negative stiffness parallel mechanism is designed. The test results show that the gap simulation device can not only simulate the gap better, but also adjust the gap size by adjusting the relevant parameters. Through this research, a new low stiffness and stiffness nonlinear support system simulation technology is explored, which can be applied to all kinds of aircraft or flutter wind tunnel models. It has good engineering applicability and application value.

10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2020.09.10.02