致密油藏渗流规律及数学模型研究进展

Research Progress on Fluids Flow Mechanism and Mathematical Model in Tight Oil Reservoirs

曹仁义 程林松 杜旭林 时俊杰 杨晨旭

CAO Renyi CHENG Linsong DU Xulin SHI Junjie YANG Chenxu

中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院, 北京 昌平 102249

College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Changping, Beijing 102249, China

中国致密油藏资源潜力大、分布广，现阶段已成为中国长庆、大庆、新疆和吉林等油田稳产、上产的重要保障，也是全球油气开发的热点和难点。致密储层岩石致密，孔隙度和渗透率极低，其主流喉道为亚微米，微尺度流动效应的影响显著，传统的油气渗流理论已无法准确描述此类油藏的流动规律，且开发过程中表现出原油流动困难、驱替难度大、动用程度低等开发难点，通常采用水平井和大规模体积压裂的井工厂模式实现致密油藏的高效开发。针对致密油藏渗流规律及数学模型，阐述了致密油藏渗流理论的最新研究进展，包括微纳米孔喉流动机理及数学模型、致密油藏应力敏感及数学模型、致密油藏非线性运动方程、孔隙网络模型、非线性渗流规律和致密基质裂缝耦合模型及流动规律，并针对各个前沿关键科学问题总结了其发展趋势，对致密油藏的科学高效开发具有重要的理论意义。

Tight oil reservoirs have great potential and wide distribution in China. Nowadays it has become an important guarantee for stable and high production of Changqing, Daqing, Xinjiang and Jilin oilfields in China, and it is also the hotspot and difficulty of global oil and gas development. Tight matrix is characterized by tight rock and its porosity and permeability are very low. The influence of micro-scale flow effect is significant due to its submicron main throat. The traditional fluids flow theory of oil and gas cannot accurately describe the flow law of this kind of reservoir. The exploitation of such reservoirs is accomparied by the difficulties in oil flow and flooding and low production. Generally, horizontal well and hydraulic fracturing are used to realize efficient development of tight oil reservoir. This paper expounds the latest research progress of fluids flow mechanism and mathematical models of tight oil reservoir:flow mechanism and mathematical model of micro-nano pore and throat; stress sensitivity and mathematical model of tight oil reservoir; nonlinear mathematical model for tight oil reservoir; pore network simulation and nonlinear flow law; coupled flow between tight matrix and fracture. We summarize the development trend of these key scientific problems, which has important theoretical significance for the scientific and efficient development of tight oil reservoirs.

10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2021.02.25.01