中国致密油储层改造理念及技术展望

The Outlook for China's Tight Oil Reservoir Stimulation Concept and Technology

赵立强 牟媚 罗志锋 刘平礼 邹东篱

ZHAOLiqiang MUMei LUOZhifeng LIUPingli ZOUDongli

"油气藏地质及开发工程"国家重点实验室·西南石油大学, 四川 成都 610500 中海石油天津分公司, 天津 塘沽 300450

State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China Tianjin Branch of CNOOC Ltd., Tanggu, Tianjin 300450, China

中国致密油分布广泛，地质资源总量可观，对于中国能源安全和供给至关重要。但与国外致密油区相比，中国致密油陆相多期沉积，互层明显、物性更差、单个油区资源量相对偏小，给储层改造带来了更大的挑战。针对中国致密油储层由于受到改造技术与理念的制约，尚未实现规模化开发这一问题，在充分分析国外成功先进改造技术及理念基础上，结合中国致密油储层特征和改造技术现状，全面剖析了中国致密油储层改造技术难点，探讨了大规模效益开发中国致密油储层改造技术发展方向。分析表明，国外致密油成功开发的关键因素在于利于改造的储层条件、长水平段快速钻井技术及长水平井多簇多段多级压裂技术全面应用。指出中国应持续进行地质力学、裂缝起裂及缝网扩展延伸机理及规律等基础理论研究，突破惯性思维，探索新的致密油储层改造模式，强化攻关试验，并不断地借鉴消化、集成国际先进技术，创建适合于中国致密油储层改造的主体技术系列，力争实现中国致密油高效、经济规模开发的突破。

China has tremendous unconventional tight oil resources which are widely distributed in lots of petroliferous basin. However, unlike those in North-America, all the tight oil reservoirs discovered in China belong to continental sedimentation, with interbedded formation, worse reservoir physical properties and less oil reserves per unit volume, which makes it much harder to stimulate. Due to the limitation of stimulation technology and concept, there is no large-scale exploitation of China's tight oil reservoirs. To solve this problem, based on the thorough analysis of successful stimulation experience in North-America, and combined with the characteristic of China's tight oil reservoir, stimulation difficulty was analyzed and development direction of large-scale exploitation was discussed. Analysis showed that the critical factors of successful stimulation in foreign tight oil fields were the better stimulation formation condition and the application of fast drilling technics and multi-stage and multicluster fracturing technics. Researchers should continue researches about geomechanics and extension mechanism, etc, break through the inertial thinking, explore new stimulation patterns, learn and digest international advanced technology, and establish agent technology suitable for China's tight oil reservoirs, so as to realize large-scale exploitation with the minimum cost and the maximum effect.

10.11885/j.issn.1674-5086.2015.03.25.21