中国石化原油多元化国际投资战略研究

Strategy research on SINOPEC international diversified oil sources investment

郑海光

ZHENG Haiguang

中国石油化工股份有限公司上海海洋油气分公司, 上海 200120

SINOPEC Shanghai Offshore Oil and Gas Company, Shanghai 200120, China

2010年我国进口原油2.39亿吨,原油对外依存度已经超过55%。截至2010年,三大石油公司的海外业务已遍及全球50多个国家和地区。中国石化海外原油产量从2008年的901万吨增长到2009年的1700万吨。在当前"走出去"的大环境下,为保证我国的能源安全,中国石化也在积极寻求海外油源多元化投资。中国石化海外油源投资应主要关注石油储量和产量排名前三十名的国家,包括亚太国家7个,非洲国家6个,中东国家7个,欧洲和西半球国家10个。根据政治、储量、技术、经济和环保五类风险的分析结果,优选地区排序依次为中东、非洲、南美、亚太和中亚。在海外油源国投资时,针对政治、经济、管理、技术和自然环境风险,应采取与当地国际石油公司加强合作、认真分析当地法律政策、进行资产管理分散风险、加大科技研发投入、加强安全培训等方法。中国石化在未来油源国际化投资的发展战略中,应加大上游投入,发挥自身优势与国际石油公司合作共赢,并且在国际上游投资难度不断加大的情况下,大胆采取与境外公司并购的方式获取油源

China crude oil import has hit 239 million tons in 2010 and oil import rate has surpassed 55%. Up to 2010, SINOPEC, CNOCX, CNPC are running activities in more than 50 regions and countries. SINOPEC's overseas oil production has increased from 9.01 million tons in 2008 to 17 million tons in 2009. Under the "going-out" policy, in order to protect energy security of our country, SINOPEC is actively looking for overseas oil resources investment opportunities. SINOPEC. overseas oil resources investment should be focused on the top 30 countries with the richest reserves and the largest production, including 7 countries in Asia Pacific, 6 countries in Africa, 7 countries in Middle East and 10 countries in Europe and West hemisphere. According to analysis of risks of politics, reserves, techniques, economy and environment protection, the prioritized regions should be respectively Middle East, Africa, South America, Asia Pacific and Central Asia. As for the political, economic, managerial, technical and environmental risks in investment countries, we should adopt different methods to mitigate challenges, such as cooperate with national and international oil companies, analyze local regulations, optimize portfolio management, adapt to local managerial systems, increase R&D investment and enhance HSE training, etc. To successfully execute the strategy of international oil resources investment in the future, SINOPEC should boast upstream investment, cooperate with international oil companies and develop competitive edges to make win-win situation, and, at least but not the last, access to oil resources through merger and acquisition in the more and more challenging international market.

https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1008-2336.2011.02.096