中国石油工业跨国开发风险评估和管理

Risk evaluation of transnational exploitation of China petroleum industry

张明华 郑海光

Zhang Minghua Zheng Haiguang

中国石油化工股份有限公司, 北京 100029; 中国石油化工股份有限公司上海海洋油气分公司, 上海 200120

China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, Beijing 100029; SINOPEC Shanghai Offshore Oil & Gas Company, Shanghai, 200120

石油作为重要的战略资源, 是我国的短缺资源之一。到境外投资勘探开发石油, 是我国利用国内国外两种资源战略的重要组成部分。石油工业的跨国投资和跨国经营, 必然遇到包括政治风险、经济风险、技术风险和自然风险在内的多种风险。据此重点讨论了政治风险、经济风险和技术风险的风险评估、风险化解机制及风险管理的方式, 以供我国石油工业跨国开发时参考。

As one of China's deficient natural resources, oil is a very important strategic natural resource. Exploitation of overseas oil is a very important part of the policies that utilize both domestic and overseas natural resources. Transnational investment in petroleum industry has to face many risks, including politic and economic risks. This paper emphasizes on the risk mechanism of transnational exploitation of petroleum industry and analyzes the main factors which influence the risks in politic, economic, and social fields. Based on what have mentioned above, the paper brings forward a series of risk-evaluating method in terms of political risk, economic risk and technical risk. Finally, the paper discusses the way to reduce and manage the risks.