高含量氢气赋存的地质背景及勘探前景

Geological background and exploration prospects for the occurrence of high-content hydrogen

孟庆强 金之钧 孙冬胜 刘全有 朱东亚 刘佳宜 黄晓伟 王璐

MENG Qingqiang JIN Zhijun SUN Dongsheng LIU Quanyou ZHU Dongya LIU Jiayi HUANG Xiaowei WANG Lu

页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室, 北京 100083 中国石化 石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083 北京大学 能源学院, 北京 100871 中国地质大学(北京), 北京 100083

State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing 100083, China SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China Department of Energy, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China China University of Geosciences(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

氢气作为一种可燃气体，是一种重要的清洁能源。随着过度依赖化石能源带来的环境问题日益加剧，从自然界中获得氢气的研究得到了越来越多的重视。但是，地质条件下能否形成高含量氢气，它们的成因及分布规律如何，目前研究较少。针对上述问题，通过对比不同地质条件下氢气的形成及富集规律，发现在裂谷系统以及板块俯冲带前缘均可能发育高含量氢气气藏。通过进一步总结氢气在不同大地构造位置的分布特征，认为控制我国含油气盆地分布的板块碰撞带和俯冲带及其周缘，具备高含量氢气发育的地质条件，而且，这些构造位置上发育的含油气盆地具备较好的天然气保存条件，有利于高含量氢气的保存。

Gas of hydrogen is combustible and has been regarded as one of the important form of clean energy. With the increasing environmental concerns caused by the continues and high dependence on fossil fuels, more attention is being paid to the research on hydrogen exploration. However, only limited understanding about the geological, genetic as well as distribution characteristics of hydrogen gas has been addressed. In this paper, the formation and enrichment mechanisms of hydrogen gas under different geological conditions were compared, results showed that reservoirs of high-content hydrogen gas may develop in rift system and the front edge of plate subduction zone. By further summarizing the distribution of hydrogen gas in different tectonic members, it is concluded that the plate collision zone and subduction zone and their peripheries controlling the distribution of the development of high-content hydrogen gas and thus the petroliferous basins developed in these tectonic positions have good natural gas preservation conditions, hence are promising for the preservation of high-content hydrogen gas.

国家重点研发计划项目 2017YFC0603102;国家自然科学基金项目 41872164;国家自然科学基金项目 41102075;国家自然科学基金项目 41541019

https://doi.org/10.11781/sysydz202102208