柴达木盆地西部构造演化与差异变形特征及对油田水分布的控制

Tectonic evolution and differential deformation controls on oilfield water distribution in western Qaidam Basin

王琳霖 于冬冬 浮昀 严敏

WANG Linlin YU Dongdong FU Yun YAN Min

中国石化 石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083 中国地质科学院 矿产资源研究所, 北京 100037 中国石油 长庆油田 第八采油厂 采油工艺研究所, 西安 710018 中国石油 华北油田 勘探开发研究院, 河北 任丘 062552

SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration&Production Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China Oil Production Technology Institute, Eighth Oil Production Plant, Changqing Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, China Exploration and Development Research Institute, Huabei Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Renqiu, Hebei 062552, China

基于地震剖面反射结构，分析了新生代以来柴达木盆地西部地区的构造运动学和几何学特征，结合新近系—古近系油田水储集类型和矿化度分布特征，探讨了构造演化和差异变形对柴西地区深层油田水分布的控制作用。柴西地区差异构造变形特征明显，受NW-SE向断裂控制，其中英雄岭构造带具有局部分层差异变形特征。古近系—新近系油田水化学类型、储集类型与矿化程度受控于差异构造变形和多期构造演化。喜马拉雅早期运动形成的蓄水构造和深大断裂为油田水汇聚提供了条件，晚期运动促进了储集空间的进一步形成以及油田水向构造高部位调整。咸化背景下构造裂缝发育的英雄岭和柴西北构造带是高矿化度油田水富集有利区，膏盐岩层控制英雄岭构造带深层油田水的垂向差异分布。

The impact of tectonic evolution and differential deformation on the distribution of oilfield water was discussed based on the analysis of tectonic kinematics and geometric characteristics of the western Qaidam Basin combined with the accumulation types and salinity distribution characteristics of oilfield water of the Neogene-Paleogene. The characteristics of differential structural deformation in the western Qaidam Basin are obvious. Controlled by the NW-SE oriented faults, the Yingxiongling Structural Belt features stratified deformation. The hydrochemical types, reservoir types, and salinity of oilfield water of the Neogene-Paleogene are controlled by differential tectonic deformation and multi-phase tectonic evolution. The early Himalayan Movement resulted in water storage structures and deep faults, which provided conditions for the convergence of oilfield water. The late Himalayan Movement promoted the further formation of reservoir space and the adjustment of oilfield water to high structures. The Yingxiongling and northwestern Qaidam structural belts where tectonic fractures develop in saline lacustrine sediments are the favorable areas for salinity enrichment, and the existence of gypsum-salt rock controls the vertical differential distribution of deep brine in the Yingxiongling Structural Belt.

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“鄂尔多斯盆地东缘奥陶纪构造特征及其对成钾凹陷的控制” 41702214

https://doi.org/10.11781/sysydz202002186