陆坡盆地体系深水重力流形成机制、沉积模式及应用实例探讨

Formation mechanism, sedimentary model and typical example of a deep-water gravity flow in continental slope-basin systems

骆帅兵 张莉 雷振宇 王晓兵 杨雨晨

Luo Shuaibing Zhang Li Lei Zhenyu Wang Xiaobing Yang Yuchen

国土资源部 海底矿产资源重点实验室 广州海洋地质调查局, 广州 510075 2. 成都理工大学 能源学院, 成都 610059

MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources, Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510075, China 2. College of Energy Resources, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China

随着深水重力流沉积体系在油气勘探开发上取得的丰硕成果以及各种规模的以深水重力流沉积为主的油气田相继发现，带动了深水重力流沉积学的发展。然而，由于其本身的复杂性与前沿性，深水重力流不仅在术语使用以及分类方案上存在分歧，在形成机制上也产生了不同观点。这种混乱的现象阻碍了深水重力流理论的发展以及深水重力流沉积体系的识别。在前人对重力流类型、流态等研究的基础上，结合南海BK-ZM盆地和台湾海峡盆地西南海域等实例，阐述了深水重力流的形成机制。研究表明，深水重力流在形成过程中主要受水深、物源供给、滑动过程中所处的坡折形态与角度、触发机制和等效水退等多种机制相互作用和控制，这些机制共同决定了深水重力流沉积体系的形态、类别以及沉积特征。

The development of deep-water gravity flow sedimentary models in oil-and-gas exploration has evolved from the discovery of a variety of large-scale oil-and-gas fields in deep-water gravity flow deposits, which in turn drives further development of deep-water gravity flow sedimentology. However, since the system is complicated and is not yet well understood, deep-water gravity flow models are not only different in terms of use and classification schemes, but also have different views on formation mechanisms. This situation has seriously hindered the development of the theory of the deep-water gravity flow and its identification. This paper tried to clarify the formation mechanism of deep-water gravity flow based on previous studies about the types and flow patterns of gravity flow, and combined with examples from the South China Sea and the southwestern sea area of the Taiwan Strait Basin. Research showed that, in the formation of deep-water gravity flow, there are many kinds of interaction and controlling mechanisms, including water depth, source supply, slope folding shape and angle, triggering mechanism and regression mechanism, which together determine the morphology, classification and sedimentary characteristics of the deep-water gravity flow sedimentary system.

中国地质调查局地质调查项目"南海南部油气资源调查"（DD20160155）和"南海北部陆坡及台湾海峡盆地西部油气地质特征与赋存规律研究"（GZH201200511）资助。

https://doi.org/10.11781/sysydz201706747