塔河油田原油乳化规律及对策

Crude oil emulsion laws and countermeasures, Tahe oil field

胡慧光 张亦楠 王锐 杜康

Hu Huiguang Zhang Yinan Wang Rui Du Kang

中国石化 西北油田分公司 塔河采油二厂, 新疆 轮台 841604

No. 2 Oil Production Plant, SINOPEC Northwest Company, Luntai, Xinjiang 841604, China

塔河油田超深层碳酸盐岩缝洞型稠油油藏非均质强，具有“两超三高”（超深、超稠、高含胶质、沥青质、高含硫化氢、高矿化度）的特点。研究了生产井中原油乳化的规律，以及使乳化油变废为宝的措施可行性。通过对不同措施井、不同阶段的乳化油成分进行对比发现，超稠油在地层内的分层及随着密度的不同其流动的速度也随之不同；在注气替油期间驱替油质的不同，导致沥青质、胶质、石蜡含量变化，从而导致原油乳化。针对原油乳化现象常用破乳剂对原油进行破乳、井口盐水伴送降低乳化油的黏度，增加其流动性；针对注气井，通过注入泡沫剂，利用其遇油消泡，见水起泡的特征，在注气期间减少原油与水的接触，从而减少原油乳化。

The super deep carbonate fractured-vuggy heavy oil reservoirs in the Tahe oil field have a strong he-terogeneity and are featured by "super depth, super thickness, high asphaltene-containing colloid, high hydrogen sulfide content, and high salinity". The laws and countermeasures of crude oil emulsion in production wells were studied. The composition of emulsified oil in different wells and during different production stages were compared, founding that super heavy oil layered in formations and flowed at different speed as density changed. Du-ring the gas injection for different oils, the contents of asphalt, colloid and paraffin wax changed, resulting in oil emulsion. We usually use demulsifier, and add salt water from wellhead to reduce the viscosity of emulsified oil and enhance its liquidity. For gas injection wells, we inject foaming agent to prevent oil from contacting water, which can reduce crude oil emulsion.

https://doi.org/10.11781/sysydz2016S1136