巴西坎普斯盆地大油气田成藏特征与分布规律

Accumulation and distribution of giant oil and gas fields in Campos Basin, Brazil

何娟 何登发 李顺利

He Juan He Dengfa Li Shunli

中国地质大学能源学院, 北京, 100083

School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

巴西的坎普斯盆地是典型的大西洋型被动大陆边缘盆地,主要经历了裂谷期、过渡期及漂移期3期构造演化,并沉积了与之对应的裂谷期陆相层序、过渡期盐岩层序及漂移期海相层序。其中裂谷期陆相层序中的黑色湖相钙质页岩为盆地中的主力烃源岩,过渡期盐岩层序中的蒸发盐岩将该盆地储集层分隔为盐上和盐下两部分,而漂移期海相层序中发育的浊积砂岩储集着该盆地中90%的已探明油气储量。坎普斯盆地最重要的含油气系统为Lagoa Feia—Carapebus含油气系统,盐下的Lagoa Feia群烃源岩生成的油气通过与盐运动相关的断层运移至盐上Campos群Carapebus组浊积砂岩中储集;油气分布主要受烃源岩的埋深、蒸发盐岩的发育、浊积砂岩的分布以及生长断层的发育等油气地质条件的共同控制。

The Campos Basin in Brazil is a typical passive continental margin basin of Atlantic type.It has experienced 3 stages of tectonic evolution including rifting,transitional and drifting,and the corres-ponding sequences of continental facies,evaporate rock and marine facies have been deposited respectively.During the rifting stage,the black lacustrine calcareous shale in the continental sequence worked as the main source rock.The evaporate rocks in the transitional sequence divided the reservoirs in the basin into 2 sections: pre-salt and post-salt.About 90% of the total reserves of the basin have been found in the turbidity sandstones in the marine facies sequence deposited during the drifting stage.The most important petroleum system in the basin is Lagoa Feia-Carapebus.Petroleum generated from the source rocks in Lagoa Feia Group migrated along faults into the turbidity sandstones in Carapebus Formation of Campos Group.Petroleum distribution was mainly controlled by source rock burial depth,evaporate rock generation,turbidity sandstone distribution and fault generation.

中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项(2008E-060903)资助

https://doi.org/10.11781/sysydz201105517