微波作用下稠油粘度变化及其化学因素探讨

VISCOSITY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION CHANGES OF HEAVY OILS AFTER MICROWAVE PROCESSING

汪双清 沈斌 林壬子

Wang Shuangqing Shen Bin Lin Renzi

国家地质实验测试中心, 北京, 100037 2. 中国石油大学资源与信息学院, 北京, 102249

National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Beijing 100037, China 2. Department of Natural Resource and Environmental Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China

从重点分析研究稠油中的非烃化合物着手,对辽河、胜利、吐哈等3个油田的普通稠油在微波幅射作用前后的粘度和化学组成变化进行关联性研究。结果表明:微波作用导致了稠油中的一系列化学反应,改变了稠油的化学组成,使稠油的粘度降低或升高。稠油微波化学反应的主要方向是从较大分子碎裂为较小分子,并具有如下表现:1)微波作用优先使胶质和沥青质中的含杂原子化合物,尤其是含氧化合物分解;2)微波作用基本上不影响稠油中烃类化合物的分子组成,而非烃,尤其是含羟基的醇类和羧酸类化合物的分子分布模式发生显著变化;3)微波作用后稠油化学组成的改变是复杂微波化学反应的综合结果,因其原始化学组成而异,并决定了稠油粘度变化的方向和大小。

Based on intensive analyses of heterocomponents in heavy oils from the Liaohe, Shengli and Tuha Oilfields of China, a primary research on correlation between viscosity and chemical composition changes of original and microwave treated heavy oils was conducted. The results shew that the chemical composition of heavy oils was altered by a series of reactions under microwave processing, and the viscosity changed bidirectionally. The main microwave chemical reactions of heavy oils were cleavages of larger molecules into smaller ones, and were illustrated as follows: a) heterocomponents, especially oxygenated ones were decomposed prior to hydrocarbons by microwave radiation; b) the molecular distribution pattern of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons remained unaltered under microwave processing, while that of heterocomponents was altered significantly, especially for alcohols and carboxylic acids; c) the chemical composition of heavy oils after microwave radiation was a comprehensive result of complex microwave chemical reactions varing in correlation to its original chemical nature, and was decisive for the direction and level of viscosity changes.

中国地质调查项目(1212350816015);中国石油大学重质油国家重点实验室开放课题基金共同资助

https://doi.org/10.11781/sysydz201006615