中国沉积盆地复杂性的成因剖析及其油气赋存特征

COMPLEXITY CAUSES EXPLANATION AND CHARACTERISTICS ANALYSIS OF OIL AND GAS DISTRIBUTION IN THE SEDIMENTARY BASINS OF CHINA

童亨茂 曹代勇

TONG Heng-mao CAO Dai-yong

石油大学, 石油与天然气成藏机理教育部重点实验室, 北京, 102200 2. 中国矿业大学, 煤炭资源教育部重点实验室, 北京, 100083

Key Laboratory of Hydrocabon Accumulation Mechanism, Ministry of Education, University of Petroleun, Beijing 102200, China 2. Key Laboratory of Coal Resources, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining Technology, Beijing 100083, China

从9个方面阐述了中国沉积盆地的复杂性,表现为:1)数量多,规模小,分布广;2)盆地类型丰富,地球动力学环境多变;3)多期盆地叠合和盆地复合现象普遍;4)陆相沉积盆地占主体;5)断层数量众多,活动强烈;6)后期改造强烈;7)岩浆活动频繁,分布广泛;8)充填速率较快,沉积中心多有迁移;9)地热场空间不均。在此基础上,对中国沉积盆地复杂性的成因进行了剖析,指出中国特殊的大地构造位置,陆块面积小、稳定性差,活动带规模大、活动性强,复杂的板块构造格局和构造演化历史是造成中国沉积盆地复杂性的根本原因。并简要分析了中国沉积盆地特殊的油气赋存特征。

From 9 aspects, the complexities of Chinese sedimentary basins are discussed, including: 1)large quantity, small size, wide distribution; 2)multiplicity in basin types, with geodynamic setting widely changed; 3)poly-stage basin superimposition and basin composition; 4)terrestrial sedimentary basin being dominant; 5)large quantity and intense activity of faults; 6)strong post-stage rebuilding; 7)frequent magmatic activity; 8)high speed sedimentary, with deposition center migrating with time; 9)asymmetry in geothermal fields. The complexity causes of Chinese sedimentary basin are analyzed, and it is pointed out that, complicated plate tectonic situation and evolution history are the fundamental reasons. Finally, the unusual characteristics of oil and gas distribution in Chinese sedimentary basins are briefly discussed.

https://doi.org/10.11781/sysydz200405415