华北及东北油区大陆岩石圈构造和动力学

THE STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS OF THE CONTINENTAL LITHOSPHERE IN NORTH AND NORTHEAST CHINA PETROLIFEROUS REGIONS

马杏垣 刘国栋 宿俭

Ma Xingyuan Liu Guodong Su Jian

国家地震局地质研究所

Institute of Geology, State Seismological Bureau

中、新生代华北及东北经历了一系列裂陷事件,使大陆表层开裂,形成各种类型的陆内伸展构造.其中最大的是华北平原和松辽盆地两个油区,面积分别为20万和26万平方公里.它们反映了与消减作用相连系的挤压变形和岩浆作用之后,中、新生代时期的地壳伸展作用.两个含油盆地既有共性又各有其特性.松辽盆地的伸展是在钙碱性火山岩活动期,主要形成于白垩纪.而华北平原持续到第三纪,至今壳内地震仍在活动.这些大盆地的活动是影响岩石圈构造和变形机制的灵敏指示剂.因此综合两个含油盆地的地质及地球物理特征,将有助于理解这些大型构造与深部过程及大陆岩石圈动力学之间的联系.

The continental lithosphere of north and northeast China exhibits many Meso-Cenozoic graben systems and basins. Among them the Songliao Basin and North China Plain are the largest. These are subtle indicators of the structure and dynamics of the lithosphere. The regional geology coupled with geophysics indicates that the location and extent of these basins coincide with areas in which the lithosphere is stretched, thinnered, highly fractured and in which the geothermal gradient and heat flow are increased. However the attenuation of the lithosphere was not solely due to shallow crust normal faulting. The formation of these large basin structures are connected with deep seated processes in the mantle. It is suggested that the fundamental controlling factor was the upward advection of the asthenosphere, which may be related to the large subcontinental convection induced by the subduction of Kula-Pacific Plates under the Japan islands since late Mesozoic.

https://doi.org/10.11781/sysydz198403180