高效聚合物钻井液泥饼润滑剂的研制及其作用机理分析

Preparation and Mechanism Analysis of High-efficient Polymer Drilling Fluid Mud Cake Lubricant

冯福平 董乐园 张健伟 于洋 谭跃龙 张胜业 张朝琪

FENG Fuping DONG Leyuan ZHANG Jianwei YU Yang TAN Yuelong ZHANG Shengye ZHANG Chaoqi

为改善井壁泥饼在水平井和大位移井钻进至中后期的润滑性，研发了一种能有效降低水平段摩阻的固体粉末状高效聚合物水基钻井液泥饼润滑剂RHGXJ-3（羧酸共聚物、针状硅酸盐、聚丙烯微粉质量比为10∶11∶2），通过测定泥饼黏滞系数、温度敏感性和钻井液配伍性，明确泥饼润滑剂RHGXJ-3 的作用效果和适用条件，并结合SEM和XRD微观表征技术分析该泥饼润滑剂的润滑机理。研究结果表明，将泥饼润滑剂以0.9%的加量加入井浆并制得泥饼，静置1 min 后测得的泥饼黏滞系数相较于加剂前从0.0966 降为0.0496，泥饼润滑性提高了48.65%。温度敏感性测试结果表明该泥饼润滑剂的适用温度为30～120 ℃。该泥饼润滑剂与钻井液的配伍性良好，0.9%的加量下可将井浆的漏斗黏度由55 s 降至39 s，井浆流动能力提升29.1%。该润滑剂够在泥饼表面和内部生成溶剂化水膜和凝胶类物质，通过填充空隙、提升压缩性等途径提高泥饼的润滑性，降低泥饼摩阻。与石墨和球状固体润滑剂相比，润滑剂RHGXJ-3 的泥饼润滑效果更佳，是其它固体润滑剂的1.6～2.2 倍，而使用成本则降低约50%。

In order to improve the lubricity of mud cake in the middle and late drilling of the horizontal well and extended reach well，A solid powder high efficiency polymer mud cake lubricant RHGXJ-3，composed of carboxylate copolymer，fibrillar silicate powder and polypropylene in a mass ratio of 10∶11∶2，was developed，which can effectively reduce the horizontal friction. By measuring the viscosity，temperature sensitivity and drilling fluid compatibility of mud cake lubricant RHGXJ-3，the effect and applicable conditions of the lubricant were studied， and its lubrication mechanism was analyzed by combining micro-characterization technologies such as SEM and XRD. The results showed that when the mud cake lubricant was added to drilling mud with mass fraction of 0.9%，the viscosity coefficient of the mud cake decreased from 0.0966 to 0.0496 within 1 minute，which led to an increase of 48.65% in lubricity. The temperature sensitivity test showed that the suitable temperature of the mud cake lubricant was 30—120 ℃. RHGXJ-3 had good compatibility with drilling fluid，with the addition of 0.9% RHGXJ-3，the funnel viscosity of the well slurry could be reduced from 55 s to 39 s and the flow capacity of the well slurry could be increased by 29.1%. RHGXJ-3 could generate solvated water film and gels substances on the surface and inside of the mud cake，improve the lubricity of the mud cake by filling voids and improving the compressibility，and reduce the frictional resistance of the mud cake. Compared to graphite and spherical solid lubricants，RHGXJ-3 provided better mud cake lubrication，which was 1.6—2.2 times that of other solid lubricants，and reduced the use cost by about 50%.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2023.02.001