高温酸化杂化胶凝剂的研制与性能评价

Development and Performance Evaluation of Hybrid Gelling Agent for Acidification at High Temperature

孙亚东 杨立 李新亮

SUN Yadong YANG Li LI Xinliang

酸化是油气增产作业中的重要措施，但在高温强酸环境中，常规酸化胶凝剂的功能基团作用有限，且加量 大，残酸不易处理，抗高温能力不足。针对以上问题，以丙烯酰胺（AM）、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸（AMPS）、疏 水单体和烯基聚倍半硅氧烷分子纳米粒子为原料，利用疏水缔合作用和纳米粒子强化作用，采用乳液聚合方法 制备了胶凝酸用抗高温杂化胶凝剂。考察了疏水单体和纳米粒子加量对胶凝剂表观黏度的影响，采用傅里叶变 换红外光谱仪和同步热分析仪对胶凝剂的结构进行了表征，并对其酸溶时间、抗高温性能、缓速性能和残酸黏度 进行了综合评价。结果表明，最佳合成条件为：疏水单体的物质的量分数为0.75%，烯基聚倍半硅氧烷的质量分 数为1.0%。该杂化胶凝剂加量低，易溶于酸液，具有较好的缓速性能，增黏效果突出。在170 s-1的剪切速率下， 将2.0%的胶凝剂溶于20%的盐酸中，常温下酸液的表观黏度可达到51 mPa·s，在180 ℃下胶凝酸液的表观黏度 仍高于15 mPa·s，具有良好的抗温性能。利用过氧化氢和过硫酸铵复合破胶后，胶凝酸液的残酸黏度仅为4.5 mPa·s，便于返排。该胶凝剂可应用于抗高温的胶凝酸体系开发。

Acidification is an important measure for oil and gas stimulation. However，in high-temperature and strong-acid environment，conventional acidification gelling agents have some deficiencies，such as large dosage，difficult treatment of residual acid，and insufficient temperature resistance，due to the limited function of functional groups. In view of these problems，using acrylamide （AM）， 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid （AMPS）， hydrophobic monomer and alkenyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane nanoparticle monomer as raw materials，meanwhile making full use of hydrophobic association and nanoparticle strengthening，a high-temperature resistant hybrid gelling agent for gelling acid was synthesized by emulsion polymerization. The effects of the dosage of hydrophobic monomer and nanoparticle on the apparent viscosity of gelling agent solution were investigated. The gelling agent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） and synchronous thermal analyzer（TGA）. The acid dissolution time，high-temperature resistance，retardative property，and residual acid viscosity were also evaluated. The results showed that the optimum synthesis condition was obtained as follows：0.75% the amount of substance fraction of hydrophobic monomer，1.0% the mass fraction of alkenyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. This hybrid gelling agent was easily soluble in acid aqueous solution and had a good retardative performance and thickening effect. At a shear rate of 170 s-1，2.0% gelling agent was dissolved in 20% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution. The apparent viscosity of the acid solution could reach 51 mPa·s at room temperature. At 180 ℃，the apparent viscosity was still higher than 15 mPa·s， exhibiting good temperature resistance. After treatment by combination of hydrogen peroxide and ammonium persulfate，the residual acid viscosity of gelling acid system was only 4.5 mPa·s，which was convenient for flowback. The gelling agent could be applied to the development of high-temperature resistant gelling acid system.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2023.02.006