超临界二氧化碳对原油萃取作用分析

Extraction Effect of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide on Crude Oil

王晓燕 章 杨 严 曦 王海峰 赵郁文 田木国 王 伟 王立成 郭 勇

WANG Xiaoyan ZHANG Yang YAN Xi WANG Haifeng ZHAO Yuwen TIAN Muguo WANG Wei WANG Licheng GUO Yong

超临界二氧化碳具有良好的驱油性能，在三次采油中备受关注。为了研究超临界二氧化碳对大港油田不 同类型原油的萃取作用，以超临界二氧化碳萃取仪为实验装置，使原油与二氧化碳充分反应，考察反应前后原油 在组分含量、烷烃结构以及黏度等方面的变化。研究结果表明，正构烷烃基质原油比环烷烃基质原油更易于萃 取；原油胶质含量越高，萃出油含量越小，升温、升压会显著增加萃出油含量；萃出油在组成上以烷烃、胶质为主， 烷烃结构以C12—C22轻质组分为主。整体而言，二氧化碳萃出油含量较小，在0.19%～2.16%之间，萃余油与原始 原油物性相当。

Supercritical carbon dioxide has good oil displacement performance and receives much attention in enhanced oil recovery. In order to investigate the extraction effects of supercritical carbon dioxide on different kinds of Dagang crude oil，the supercritical carbon dioxide extraction apparatus was used as the experimental device，in which crude oil and carbon dioxide reacted sufficiently. The changes of component content，alkane structure and viscosity of crude oil before and after reaction were investigated. The results showed that N-alkane matrix oil was much easier to be extracted than cycloalkane matrix oil；the higher the colloid content of crude oil was，the less the content of extracted oil was，and the amount of extracted oil increased obviously with the increase of temperature and pressure. The extracted oil mainly consisted of alkane and colloid，and the structure of alkane was composed of light components between C12 and C22. On the whole，the extracted oil contents were very small，being of 0.19%— 2.16%，as a result，the property of raffinate oil was similar to that of the original crude oil.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2023.02.020