两性离子聚合物降黏剂的制备与性能评价

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of Zwitterionic Polymer Viscosity Reducer

张城 刘帅 袁翊 钱帆 李万强 段明

ZHANG Cheng LIU Shuai YUAN Yi QIAN Fan LI Wanqiang DUAN Ming

为降低制备两性离子聚合物降黏剂时常用链转移剂的危害，以丙烯酸（AA）、2-丙烯酰氨-2-甲基丙磺酸 （AMPS）、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵（DMC）为单体，基于水溶液爆聚法工艺，采用绿色环保的二硫化四甲 基秋兰姆（TMTD）代替常用巯基化合物链转移剂，合成了低分子量两性离子聚合物钻井液用降黏剂。以在室温 下的降黏率为考核指标，优化了降黏剂的制备条件，并评价了其降黏性能。结果表明，降黏剂的最优合成条件 为：TMTD 加量0.75%、氧化-还原引发剂加量占单体总质量的3%、NaOH 加量为AA 与AMPS 总物质的量的 50%、AA加量为44%、AMPS加量为5.5%、DMC加量为4.5%。在此条件下，制备的两性离子聚合物降黏剂的数 均分子量为914 g/mol，其在淡水基浆中的降黏率为91.53%，且具有良好的抗温性能，可以满足180 ℃的抗温要 求。该制备方法降低了低分子量两性离子降黏剂合成工艺对环境的污染。

In order to reduce the harm of commonly used chain transfer agent during the preparation of zwitterionic polymer viscosity reducer，using acrylic acid （AA），2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid （AMPS），and methacryloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride（DMC）as monomers，environmentally friendly tetramethylthiuram disulfide（TMTD）instead of sulfhydryl compound as chain transfer agent，a zwitterionic polymer viscosity reducer with low molecular weight for drilling fluid was synthesized through the aqueous solution explosion polymerization process. Taking the viscosity reduction rate at room temperature as the evaluation index，the synthesis condition of the viscosity reducer was optimized，and then its viscosity reduction performance was evaluated. The results showed that，the optimum synthesis condition was obtained as follows：0.75% TMTD，3% oxidation-reduction initiator in total mass of monomer，50% NaOH in total molar amount of AA and AMPS，44% AA，5.5% AMPS and 4.5% DMC. Under this condition，the number average molecular weight of the synthesized zwitterionic polymer viscosity reducer was 914 g/mol. Its viscosity reduction rate in fresh water base slurry was 91.53%. The viscosity reducer had good temperature resistance，which met the temperature resistance requirement of 180 ℃ . The preparation method reduced the environmental pollution caused by the synthesis process of zwitterionic viscosity reducer with low molecular weight.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2023.01.002