抗高温插层吸附抑制剂的研制及作用机理分析

Development and Function Mechanism of Intercalation Adsorption Inhibitor with High Temperature Resistance

王晓军 尹家峰 徐建根 步文洋 孙磊 王金树 景烨琦 任艳 孙云超

WANG Xiaojun YIN Jiafeng XU Jiangen BUWenyang SUN Lei WANG Jinsh JING Yeqi REN Yan SUN Yunchao

针对常规抑制剂控制黏土表面水化不足导致的井壁失稳问题，以四乙烯五胺为反应单体，通过引入磺酸基 团，制备了抗高温插层吸附抑制剂。对该抑制剂的结构进行了表征，并对其性能进行了评价，分析了抑制作用机 理。结果表明，抑制剂分子结构中含有大量的强吸附基团和疏水基团，分子量小，无毒环保且具有良好的热稳定 性。抑制作用机理分析表明，抗高温插层吸附抑制剂通过强吸附基团优先进入黏土片层间，交换出层间的水合 钠离子，结合静电引力有效减小黏土的静电斥力及表面水化短程斥力；通过降低水溶液表面张力和改变黏土润 湿性，控制泥页岩自吸能力和比亲水量，减少水相的侵入；吸附及抗解吸附能力强，能长时间吸附于黏土表面，提 升黏土表面的疏水性，减少自由水的侵入。该抗高温插层吸附抑制剂具有良好的抑制造浆、控制黏土水化膨胀 和防止泥页岩分散等性能，优于国内外聚胺抑制剂。

Conventional inhibitors could not effectively control the hydration of clay surface，which caused wellbore instability. An intercalation adsorption inhibitor with high temperature resistance was prepared by introducing sulfonic acid group into tetraethylene pentamine as reaction monomer. The structure of the inhibitor was characterized and its performance was evaluated. The mechanism of intercalation adsorption inhibitor with high temperature resistance was further analyzed. The results showed that there were a lot of strong adsorption groups and hydrophobic groups in the molecular structure of new inhibitor，which had low molecular weight， non-toxic environmental protection and good thermal stability. The analysis of inhibition mechanism showed that the electrostatic repulsion and short-range repulsion of clay surface hydration could be effectively reduced by the combination of strong adsorption group and exchange of hydrated sodium ions. By reducing the surface tension of aqueous solution and changing the wettability of clay，the self-imbibition capacity and specific hydrophilicity of shale could be controlled，and then the invasion of water phase was reduced. Meanwhile，the new inhibitor had strong adsorption and anti-desorption ability，which could adsorb on the clay surface for a long time，improve the hydrophobicity of the clay surface，and reduce the invasion of free water. The new inhibitor had good properties of inhibiting mud production，controlling clay hydration expansion and preventing shale dispersion，which was superior to polyamine inhibitors at home and abroad.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2023.01.004