低温高盐低渗油藏表面活性剂驱油体系的筛选及评价

Screening and Evaluation of a Surfactant Flooding System with Salt Resistance Using in Low Permeability and Temperature Reservoir

马江波 李建勋 李刚 赵子丹 吴向阳 杨永钊 高振东 周明 郭肖

MAJiangbo LI Jianxun LI Gang ZHAO Zidan WU Xiangyang YANG Yongzhao GAO Zhendong ZHOU Ming GUO Xiao

针对延长化182 井组长6 油层在实际采油开发过程中注采比不理想以及开发井低产、低能，地层水矿化度 和钙镁离子高导致常规表面活性剂失效等问题，研究了一种抗盐性表面活性剂驱油剂。该剂在不用螯合剂和稳 定剂的条件下，将两性-非离子Gemini 表面活性剂（PPM-12）、十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠（AES-12）与十二烷基 二甲基氧化胺（OB-2）复配而得。对复配表面活性剂的配比和性能进行了优选和评价。结果表明，在表面活性剂 总加量为0.3%时，PPM-12、AES-12、OB-2 较适宜的质量比为4∶1∶1～1∶1∶4，油水界面张力均能达到10-3 mN/m 数量级，在最佳配比2∶1∶3 下的油水界面张力可达1.2×10-3 mN/m。复配表面活性剂的吸附性能、抗盐性能、乳化 性能和驱油效果均较好。经岩心6 次吸附后的油水界面张力仍在10-3mN/m数量级；其在油田钙镁离子浓度范围 内可达10-3 mN/m数量级，镁离子对界面张力的影响最大，其次为钙离子，钠离子影响最小。当驱油体系加量≤ 0.25%时，乳化分水时间≤2894 s，且油水界面清晰。复配表面活性剂驱油体系在高盐低渗油藏的平均采收率增 幅达10.3%，在类似油藏有良好的应用前景。

Aiming at the problems of unsatisfactory injection production ratio in actual oil production and development process of Hua182 well group in Yanchang Oilfield，low production and low energy of development wells，the failure of conventional surfactant causing by high salinity，high calcium and magnesium ions in formation water，a system of surfactant flooding with salt resistance was prepared. Without chelating agent and stabilizer，the system of surfactant flooding consisted of ampholytic gemini surfactant（PPM-12），sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate（AES-12）and dodecyl dimethylamine oxide（OB-2）. The ratio of the compound surfactant was optimized，and then its performance was evaluated. The results showed that the suitable mass ratio of PPM-12，AES-12 and OB-2 was 4∶1∶1—1∶1∶4 when the optimum total dosage of surfactant was 0.3%. Under these condition，the oil-water interfacial tension could reach 10-3 mN/m. It could reach the lowest value（1.2×10-3 mN/m）when the optimum mass ratio of the three surfactants was 2∶1∶3. The adsorption，emulsification，salt resistance and oil displacing efficiency of the compound surfactant was good. The oil-water interfacial tension was still in the order of 10-3 mN/mafter six adsorption on the surface of core. It could reach the order of 10-3 mN/m in the concentration range of calcium and magnesium ions in oilfield. Magnesium ion had the greatest influence on the interfacial tension of the system，followed by calcium ion and sodium ion. When the dosage of oil displacement system was less than or equal to 0.25%，the emulsification water separation time was less than or equal to 2894 s. Meanwhile，the oil-water interface was clear. The average recovery increment of compound surfactant flooding system in high salt and low permeability reservoir was 10.3%. The compound surfactant flooding system had good application prospect in similar reservoirs.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2022.04.018