准噶尔盆地高探1井管壁沉淀物的组成与沉积机理分析

Composition Analysis of Wellbore Sediment and Blocking Mechanism of Gaotan-1 Well in Junggar Basin

潘竟军 苏日古 陈 森 王旭生 熊启勇 邓伟兵 郭 勇

PAN Jingjun SU Rigu CHEN Sen WANG Xusheng XIONG Qiyong DENG Weibing GUO Yong

准噶尔盆地高探1井生产过程中，油管内壁形成大量黑色固体状沉淀物，严重影响生产。针对以上问题，采 用三氯乙烯对井壁内沉淀物的不同部位进行了有机物和无机物提取，表征了有机物和无机物的组成，分析了无 机物对原油吸附和沉积的影响，进一步探明了沉淀物的形成机理。结果表明，有机和无机成分含量相差较大，沉 淀物中心的无机物含量达到71.51%，而分散在表面颜色较深的部位仅为16.55%；不同部位有机物的族组分含量 却相近，其中沥青质占比为52.71%～58.37%。侧链长度大、支化程度高的沥青分子缔合体更易沉积。沉淀物中 的无机物主要为硫酸钡，其具有的片层状结构表面粗糙，加大了对沥青质的吸附。高探1井沥青垢的沉积机理为 1～20 μm的片层状硫酸钡等无机颗粒吸附原油中侧链长度大、支化程度高的沥青分子缔合体，聚集为20～100 μm的大颗粒堆积体，共同形成沉淀物黏附于管壁造成管柱堵塞。

During the production of Gaotan-1 well in Junggar Basin，a large amount of black solid-like sediments were formed on the inner wall of oil tubing，which seriously affected the production. Aiming at this problem，trichloroethylene was used to extract organic and inorganic substances from different parts of the sediment in wellbore. The composition of organic and inorganic substances was characterized. At the same time，the influence of inorganic substance on the adsorption and deposition of crude oil was analyzed，then the formation mechanism of sediment was further explored. The results showed that the content of organic and inorganic components was quite different. The inorganic content in the center of the sediment reached 71.51%，but that was only 16.55% in the darker part of the surface. However，the content of organic compounds in different parts was similar，with asphaltene accounting for 52.71%—58.37%. The asphalt molecular connected with large side chain length and a high degree of branching was more likely to be deposited. The inorganic substance in the sediment was mainly barium sulfate. Its lamellar structure with rough surface intensified the adsorption of asphaltene. The deposition mechanism of asphalt scale in Gaotan-1 well was that inorganic particle such as lamellar barium sulfate with 1—20 μm adsorbed the association of asphalt molecule with long side chain and high branching degree in crude oil，then the large particle accumulation with 20—100 μm was aggregated，which together formed deposit and adhered to the wellbore，resulting in the blockage of pipe string.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2022.03.010