钻井液用超支化聚醚胺抑制剂的制备与性能评价

Performance Evaluation of Elastic Sealing Cement Slurry with Low Density for Improving the Sealing Capacity between Cement Layers

胡进科 罗霄 袁明进 罗跃 卢福伟 刘媛

HU Jinke LUO Xiao YUAN Mingjin LUO Yue LU Fuwei LIU Yuan

现有水基钻井液中的聚醚胺抑制剂难以有效抑制川东地区页岩气地层中的泥页岩水化，引发不利井况。为提升聚醚胺抑制剂的抑制效能，以三乙醇胺（TEA）和2-氯乙胺盐酸盐（CEAH）为原料，制得三［（2-氨基乙氧基）乙基］胺（TAEEA），继而在ZIF-8 型金属有机框架（MOF）材料的开环催化作用下，与开环后的氮丙啶发生加成反应，制得了具有极大胺值且富含伯胺基团的超支化聚醚胺抑制剂（HBEA）。通过分子动力学模拟了HBEA在黏土表面的吸附形貌，评价了HBEA的抑制性及其与钻井液体系的配伍性。结果表明，HBEA的胺基密度远高于直链型聚醚胺D230 与D400。HBEA具有较强的吸附能力，其在黏土表面的吸附构型与D230 和D400 一致， 但吸附分布几率与单分子吸附能均高于后两者。HBEA具有优异的抑制性能。25%的膨润土在1% HBEA水溶液中的动切力仅7.0 Pa，膨润土在2% HBEA水溶液中的最终膨胀高度较之在去离子水中下降了约60%，泥页岩在2% HBEA水溶液中的滚动回收率达78.87%。HBEA可与不同钻井液体系形成良好配伍。以HBEA等量替换3 种钻井液体系中原有的聚醚胺抑制剂后，钻井液老化前后的流变性能与API 滤失量均保持稳定，而HTHP滤失量均小幅下降，泥页岩在取代后钻井液中的滚动回收率略有上升。

The polyetheramine inhibitors of the existing water-based drilling fluid systems are difficult to effectively inhibit the hydration of shale in shale gas formation in the eastern Sichuan area，thus unfavorable well conditions were created. In order to improve the inhibitory effect of polyetheramine inhibitor，the hyperbranched polyetheramine agent（HBEA）with higher ratio of amine groups as a shale inhibitor was synthesized by the reaction of aziridine and TAEEA made from triethanolamine（TEA）and 2-chloroethylamine hydrochloride（CEAH）. Meanwhile，the metal organic framework（MOF）material was employed as catalyst for ring-opening reaction. The adsorption morphology of HBEA on clay surface was simulated by molecular dynamics，the inhibition of HBEA and the compatibility with drilling fluid system were evaluated. The results showed that attributing to its high ratio of amine groups，HBEA exhibited larger amine density than the straight chain polyetheramine D230 and D400. The adsorption model of HBEA on clay surface was consistent with that of D230 and D400，but the density and adsorption energy of a single molecule were significantly higher than that of the latter two，indicating the excellent adsorption capacity of HBEA. The yield point of slurry system containing 1% HBEA was only 7.0 Pa when the dosage of bentonite reached 25%. The swelling height of bentonite in 2% HBEA solution reduced about 60% compared with fresh water system and the rolling recovery rate of shale was 78.87%. Compared with the original polyetheramine inhibitor in three drilling fluids，HBEA with same dosage ensured the system stability of rheological property and filtration before and after aging. Meanwhile，HTHP filtration decreased gently and the rolling recovery rate of shale increased slightly. HBEA had excellent inhibition and compatibility with different drilling fluids.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2022.02.001