双偏振光极化干涉技术在化学剂洗油能力 评价中的应用*

Application of Dual Polarization Interferometry to Evaluate the Oil Elution Capacity of Chemical Agent

张朝良 吕建荣 张德富 冷润熙 李珂怡 段 明 唐洪明

ZHANG Chaoliang LYU Jianrong ZHANG Defu LENG Runxi LI Keyi DUAN Ming TANG Hongming

为了准确评价化学驱过程中化学剂的洗油能力和表面活性剂、聚合物、碱剂及三元复合体系驱油过程中的 吸附损失，利用双偏振光极化干涉（简称DPI）技术，对克拉玛依油田七东1区化学驱用化学剂的洗油能力和吸附 特征进行了评价。结果表明，以体积比为1∶1的甲苯和正庚烷混合溶液作为溶剂，在原油质量浓度为2000 mg/ L、匀胶时间60 s，匀胶转速1000 r/min的条件下，可以在氧化硅芯片表面获得均匀性较好的原油膜。化学剂注入 芯片时间为400 s时，单一碱剂和单一聚合物溶液均能使芯片上油膜的质量和厚度明显减小，对原油具有较强的 洗脱能力；使用单一表面活性剂驱替后，芯片单位面积物质的质量增加11.7%，厚度增加25%，表面活性剂与原油 的吸附作用较强；在表面活性剂的吸附作用与聚合物、碱对油膜的洗脱作用双重作用下，三元复合体系对油膜的 洗脱效果较差，驱替后芯片单位面积物质的质量增加0.2%，厚度增加4.43%。4种化学剂的油膜洗脱能力从大到 小依次为：碱剂>聚合物>三元复合体系>表面活性剂。岩心驱油实验结果表明，各化学剂的驱油效率与其原油洗 脱能力对应性较好。

In order to accurately evaluate the oil elution ability of chemical agent and the adsorption loss of surfactant，polymer， alkali and alkali/surfactant/polymer system（ASP）in chemical flooding process，the dual polarization interferometry technology （DPI）was utilized to evaluate the oil elution ability and the adsorption characteristic of chemical agent system used in district Qidong1 of Karamay oilfield. The results showed that using the mixed solution of toluene and n-heptane with volume ratio of 1∶1 as the solvent，a crude oil film with good uniformity was obtained on the surface of silicon oxide chip under the conditions of 2000 mg/ L crude oil mass concentration，60 s homogenization time and 1000 r/min homogenization speed. When the injection time of chemical agent into the chip was 400 s，single aqueous alkali or single polymer solution could significantly reduce the mass and thickness of oil film on the chip. They had strong elution ability for crude oil. The material mass per unit area on the chip increased by 11.7% and the thickness increased by 25% after single surfactant flooding，indicating strong adsorption between surfactant and crude oil. Under the dual influence of surfactant’s adsorption and alkali and polymer’s desorption，ASP had inferior displacement efficiency. After ASP flooding，the material mass per unit area on the chip increased by 0.2% and the thickness increased by 4.43%. The four chemical agents were arranged according to the oil elution ability in following order：aqueous alkali > polymer solution > ASP > surfactant. The experiment result of core flooding with four chemical agents showed that the oil displacement efficiency of each chemical agent had good correspondence with its crude oil elution ability.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2021.04.025