大位移井环保润滑剂的研究与应用

Research and Application of Evironmentally Friendly Lubricant for Extended Reach Well

董平华 许 杰 何瑞兵 王 伟 谢 涛 苗海龙 陈 强 吴 宇

DONG Pinghua XU Jie HE Ruibing WANG Wei XIE Tao MIAO Hailong CHEN Qiang WU Yu

为改善渤海区域大位移井在钻井过程中产生的扭矩大、高摩阻问题，且满足该地区对钻井液处理剂的排放要求，室内研制了环保无毒的高效减摩润滑剂Biolube。研究了该润滑剂的极压润滑、抗磨减阻、配伍性、抗污染能力和生物毒性等，并在渤海南部海域两口大位移井进行了现场应用。结果表明，以植物油、低碳醇、脂肪酸、聚醚和纳米材料为原料制备的润滑剂 Biolube 的润滑性能优于同类润滑剂，与钻井液的配伍性良好，不起泡。Biolube加量为2%时，在淡水基浆、海水基浆、钻井液中的摩阻系数分别为0.018、0.030、0.07。加有Biolube的钻井液抗磨达到10块砝码以上，磨痕微小且均匀，抗磨减阻效果显著，且具有较强的抗钻屑污染能力和润滑效果。润滑剂Biolube无生物毒性、可降解，满足渤海海域环保要求。现场试验结果表明，加入Biolube后，扭矩值显著降低，钻进过程顺利，未出现憋扭矩、倒划眼困难等问题，缩短了钻井周期。该润滑剂安全环保，不产生浮油，可有效改善钻具与井壁接触面的摩擦阻力。

In order to improve the large torque and high friction during drilling of extended reach well in Bohai region，and meet the discharge requirement of drilling fluid treatment agent in this area，an environmentally friendly and non-toxic high-efficiency anti-friction lubricant Biolube was studied indoors. The extreme pressure lubrication，anti-wear and drag reduction，compatibility， anti-pollution ability and biological toxicity of Biolube were studied，and it was applied on two extended reach wells in the southern Bohai Sea. The results showed that the lubricant Biolube prepared with vegetable oil，low-carbon alcohol，fatty acid，polyether and nanomaterial as raw materials had better lubricating properties than similar lubricants，and had good compatibility with drilling fluid without foaming. When the dosage of Biolube was 2%，the lubrication coefficient in fresh water base slurry，seawater base slurry and drilling fluid was 0.018，0.030 and 0.07，respectively. The drilling fluid with Biolube had a wear resistance of more than 10 weights with small and uniform wear scar，indicating significant effect of anti-wear and drag reduction. It had a strong resistance of drilling cuttings and lubrication effect. Lubricant Biolube was non-toxic and biodegradable，meeting the environmental protection requirement of the Bohai Sea. The field application results showed that after adding Biolube，the torque value significantly reduced， the drilling process was successful，and there were no problems such as holding torque and difficulty in backreaming，which shortened the drilling cycle. The lubricant was safe and environmentally friendly. It did not produce floating oil，and could effectively improve the frictional resistance of contact surface between drilling tool and borehole wall.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2021.01.005