石油磺酸盐乳化相行为及乳化作用对提高 采收率的影响*

Phase Behavior of Petroleum Sulfonate and the Effect of Its Emulsification on Enhanced Oil Recovery

李织宏 云庆庆 唐文洁 刘哲宇 郭 杨 娄清香

LI Zhihong YUN Qingqing TANG Wenjie LIU Zheyu GUO Yang LOU Qingxiang

为分析原位乳化动用剩余油机理，通过乳化相行为评价方法和微观图像研究了矿化度、油水比和表面活性 剂浓度对油/水/阴离子表面活性剂石油磺酸盐KPS-202在拟稳态下形成的乳状液类型及稳定性的影响，并通过 微流控技术研究了石油磺酸盐原位乳化对提高采收率的作用。结果表明，随着矿化度的增加，乳状液由水包油 型变为双连续相再变为油包水型。在矿化度为7.5~15 g/L时形成的双连续相乳状液对应的油水界面张力最 低。随油水比的减小，中间相乳液的体积分数增大；随着油水比的增加，析水率明显降低，形成乳状液的稳定性 增强。表面活性剂浓度的增加使得中间相乳液的体积分数增大，稳定性增强。KPS-202/聚合物二元体系原位乳化 后可明显驱动膜状、角隅状和柱状的剩余油，比界面张力和黏度相同却不发生乳化的甜菜碱表面活性剂AF-16/聚 合物二元体系提高采收率11.4%。乳化有助于剩余油的分散和运移，提高采收率效果明显。图20表1参15

In order to reveal the mechanism of remaining oil displaced by in-situ emulsification，the effects of salinity，oil-water ratio and surfactant concentration on emulsion type and stability of oil/water/anionic surfactant petroleum sulfonate（KPS-202） system under quasi-stable state were investigated through phase behavior test and microscopic images of emulsion. In-situ emulsification of surfactant on oil recovery was studied through microfluidic technique. The results showed that with the increment of salinity，the emulsion type changed from oil-in-water to bicontinuous phase and finally to water-in-oil. When the mass concentration of sodium chloride was 7.5—15 g/L，the bicontinuous phase emulsion formed with ultra-low interfacial tension. The volume of bicontinuous phase increased with the decrement of oil-water ratio. The syneresis rate of emulsion decreased with the increment of oil-water ratio，which indicated the stability of emulsion improving. The increasing of surfactant concentration benefited the formation of bicontinuous phase and the stability of emulsion. In-situ emulsification of KPS-202/polymer solution and crude oil could significantly displace the remaining oil of film，corner and column. The ultimate recovery factor of in-situ emulsion system was 11.4% ，which was higher than that of betaine surfactant AF-16/polymer solution with same IFT and viscosity but without emulsification. The emulsification was helpful to the dispersion and migration of the remaining oil，which could significantly improve oil recovery.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2020.03.016