pH响应型稠油乳化剂的制备及响应特性*

Preparation and Characteristic of Heavy Oil Emulsifier with pH Response

赵德银 蒲 育 李文龙 张 健 郑存川

ZHAO Deyin PU Yu LI Wenlong ZHANG Jian ZHENG Cunchuan

为改善常规稠油乳化剂在集输末端的油水分离问题，以甲基丙烯酸N，N-二乙胺基乙酯（DEAEMA）功能单 体、丙烯酰胺（AM）和偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐（V-50）为原料制备了pH响应型稠油乳化剂。考察了单体配比对乳化 剂表面活性的影响，研究了乳化剂浓度、油水比、温度、矿化度对乳化剂降黏性能及稠油乳状液稳定性的影响，分 析了稠油乳化剂的pH响应机理。结果表明，当DEAEMA、AM单体质量比为7∶3时，乳化剂的表面活性最好。 随乳化剂浓度增加、油水比降低、温度升高，稠油乳状液降黏率逐渐增加。但油水比过低，稠油乳状液的稳定性 降低。乳化剂具有显著的pH响应特性，在碱性条件下呈均匀的微球，具有较好的表面活性；在酸性条件下变成 透明的高分子溶液，失去表面活性。稠油乳状液的黏度随乳化剂加量的增加而降低，降黏率约99%，抗温抗盐性 能较好。通过调节pH值可使DEAEMA质子化或去质子化，从而使得乳化剂表面活性可控，实现稠油乳状液乳 化-破乳可控。图14表5参18

In order to improve the problem of oil-water separation of conventional heavy oil emulsifier at the gathering end，a pH-responsive heavy oil emulsifier was prepared by N，N-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate（DEAEMA）functional monomer， acrylamide（AM），and azodiisobutyramidine hydrochloride（V-50）. The effect of monomer ratio on the surface activity of emulsifier was studied， and the effects of emulsifier concentration， oil-water ratio， temperature and salinity on the viscosity-reducing property of emulsifier and the stability of heavy oil emulsion were investigated. The pH response mechanism of heavy oil emulsifier was analyzed. The results showed that the surface activity of emulsifier was the best when the mass ratio of DEAEMA to AM monomer was 7∶3. As the emulsifier concentration increased，the oil-water ratio decreased，the temperature increased，and the viscosity reduction rate of emulsion gradually increased. However，when the oil-water ratio was too low，the stability of heavy oil emulsion decreased. The emulsifier had a significant pH response characteristic that presented uniform microsphere in alkaline condition with good surface activity，while presented a transparent polymer solution in acidic condition without surface activity. The viscosity of heavy oil emulsion decreased with the increase of emulsifier addition，the viscosity reduction was about 99%，and the temperature and salt resistance was good. DEAEMA could be protonated or deprotonated by adjusting the pH value，thus making the surface activity of emulsifier controllable and achieving controlled emulsification_x0002_demulsification of heavy oil emulsion.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2020.03.018