无机地质聚合物凝胶堵剂的性能评价

Performance Evaluation of Inorganic Geopolymer Gel Plugging Agent

刘进祥 卢祥国 张云宝 夏 欢 张 楠 谢 坤 曹伟佳 曹 豹

LIU Jinxiang LU Xiangguo ZHANG Yunbao XIA Huan ZHANG Nan XIE Kun CAO Weijia CAO Bao

针对胶结疏松易形成大孔道的高温高矿化度油田，以渤海油藏储层和流体为研究对象，用增黏剂蒙脱土、交联剂氢氧化钠、缓凝剂柠檬酸和主剂粉煤灰等制得无机地质聚合物凝胶堵剂，研究了堵剂的成胶速度及影响因素、耐温耐盐性能、封堵效果、液流转向效果以及封堵后的调驱效果。结果表明，随着主剂与交联剂浓度和温度的增加，无机地质聚合物凝胶成胶速度增大。配液水矿化度对无机地质聚合物凝胶成胶效果基本无影响，配液水中较高浓度的碳酸根和碳酸氢根会延长聚合物胶液的交联时间。当岩心水测渗透率大于18800×10-3 μm2 时，无机地质聚合物凝胶对岩心的封堵率随渗透率的增加而增大，且封堵率均大于90%。无机地质聚合物凝胶的耐冲刷能力和液流转向效果较好，可对高渗透层大孔道有效封堵，提高低渗岩心分流率。对于大孔道或特高渗透条带，封堵长度越大，增油降水效果越好。无机地质聚合物凝胶的封堵效果好于常规的聚合物凝胶和淀粉胶，可用于高温高矿化度油田大孔道的封堵。

Aiming at the high temperature and high salinity oilfield with loose porosity and easy formation of large channels，the inorganic geopolymer gel plugging agent was prepared by using viscosity increasing agent montmorillonite，crosslinking agent sodium hydroxide，retarder citric acid and main agent fly ash. The gelling speed，influencing factors，temperature and salt resistance，plugging effect，liquid flow steering effect and the effect of profile control and displacement after plugging were studied. The results showed that the gelation rate of inorganic geopolymer gel increased with increasing temperature and concentration of main agent and crosslinking agent. The salinity of solution water had no effect on the gelling effect of inorganic geopolymer gel. The higher concentration of carbonate and bicarbonate in solution water would prolong the crosslinking time of polymer glue. When the permeability of rock core was greater than 18800 × 10-3 μm2，the plugging rate of inorganic geopolymer gel increased with the increase of permeability，and the plugging rate was greater than 90%. Inorganic geopolymer gel had good erosion resistance and liquid flow diversion effect. It could effectively block large pores in high permeability layer and improve the diffluence rate of low permeability core. The longer plugging length of the large pore path or super high permeability zone，the better effect of increasing oil and precipitation was. The plugging effect of inorganic geopolymer gel was better than that of conventional polymer gel and starch glue. It could be used for plugging large pores in high temperature and high salinity oilfield.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2020.01.007