缔合型复合压裂液的研制与应用

Research and Application of an Associative Compound Fracturing Fluid

刘 宽 侯冬冬 杨 哲 郭拥军 王 翔 熊亚春

LIU Kuan HOU Dongdong YANG Zhe GUO Yongjun WANG Xiang XIONG Yachun

为简化滑溜水配制工艺、降低现场压裂施工成本，以丙烯酰胺（AM）和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基二甲基十八烷基溴化铵（DH-1）缔合单体为原料、2，2'-偶氮二异丁脒盐酸盐（V50）为引发剂，合成了既可作为滑溜水降阻剂、又可作为胶液稠化剂的抗盐型缔合稠化剂GAF-KYTP；在返排液配液的条件下，优选了GAF-KYTP、有机锆交联剂GAF-5、氟碳类助排剂GAF-6的加量，制得一套添加剂种类一致、加量不同的多功能复合压裂液（滑溜水+胶液）体系，评价了压裂液的降阻性、耐温抗剪切性和对岩心的伤害，并在威远区块进行了现场应用。结果表明，GAF-KYTP 在返排液中具有较好的抗盐性和增黏性；配方为 0.06% GAF-KYTP+0.1% GAF-6 滑溜水溶解速度快，室内降阻率为79%，现场降阻率为78.3%，降阻效果较好；配方为0.4% GAF-KYTP+0.2% GAF-6+0.3% GAF-5的胶液耐温抗剪切性较好，在90℃、170 s-1下剪切1 h后的黏度为82.6 mPa·s；GAF-KYTP配制的滑溜水和胶液对岩心基质渗透率伤害率小于10%。该体系改善了目前国内页岩气开采过程中滑溜水、胶液体系添加剂不同而导致的现场滑溜水、胶液同时配制时工艺复杂的问题，以及胶液稠化剂抗盐性差，无法采用返排液配制的问题。

In order to simplify the preparation process of slick water and reduce the cost of field fracturing construction，using acrylamide （AM） and methacryloxyethyl dimethyl octadecyl ammonium bromide （DH-1） as raw materials， 2， 2'-azodiisobutamidine hydrochloride（V50）as initiator，an anti-salt associative thickener（GAF-KYTP）was synthesized，which could be used not only as a drag-reducing agent for slick water，but also as a gel thickener. When the fracturing fluid was prepared by flow-back fluid，a set of multi-functional complex fracturing fluid（sliding water+glue）system with the same type and different dosage of additives was prepared by optimizing the dosage of GAFKYTP，zirconium organic crosslinker GAF-5 and fluorocarbon additive GAF-6. The resistance reduction，temperature and shear resistance and core damage of fracturing fluid were evaluated. Finally the fracturing fluid was applied in Weiyuan block. The results showed that GAF-KYTP had good salt resistance and viscosity increasing performance in flow-back fluid. The slick water with formula of 0.06% GAF-KYTP+0.1% GAF-6 had fast dissolution speed，79% indoor resistance reduction rate and 78.3% field resistance reduction rate，indicating good resistance reduction effect. The glue with formula of 0.4% GAF-KYTP + 0.2% GAF-6 + 0.3% GAF-5 had good temperature and shear resistance，whose viscosity was 82.6 mPa s after shearing for 1 h at 90℃ and 170 s-1. The damage rate of slick water and glue prepared by GAF-KYTP to core matrix permeability was less than 10%. The development of this system improved the problem of complex technology of on-site slippage and simultaneous preparation of glue due to different additives in shale gas production in China，and the problem of poor salt resistance of gel thickener，which made it impossible to use flow-back fluid.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2019.03.001