阴-非/阴离子型起泡剂协同增强泡沫耐盐性

Synergistic Effect of Anionic-nonionic/Anionic Foaming Agent on Enhancing Salt Tolerance of Foam

屈 鸣 侯吉瑞 闻宇晨 梁 拓

QU Ming HOU Jirui WEN Yuchen LIANG Tuo

矿化度影响起泡剂的发泡能力和生成泡沫的稳定性，不同类型起泡剂复配可以发挥协同效应，增强泡沫耐盐性。选取矿化度分别为0、50、100、150 g/L的4种配液水和α-烯基磺酸钠（AOS）、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）和阴-非离子表面活性剂（SS-163）3种表面活性剂配制起泡剂溶液，发泡后再注入矿化度为220 g/L的盐水，模拟泡沫注入地层后与高矿化度地层水接触的过程，通过Waring Blender法评价表面活性剂体系的起泡性能，并提出盐敏指数概念，初步定义了适用于起泡剂单剂与起泡剂复配体系的盐敏性强弱评价标准。结果表明，当用盐水配液时，表面活性剂复配体系的耐盐性能优于单一表面活性剂体系。配液水矿化度对阴离子型表面活性剂AOS、SDS起泡性能的影响极大，而对阴-非离子表面活性剂SS-163的影响较小。在配液水矿化度100~150g/L区间内存在耐盐性临界点C，当矿化度小于C时，AOS与SDS按质量比1∶1复配的效果最好；当矿化度大于C时，SDS与SS-163按1∶1复配的效果最优。以起泡剂平均盐敏指数和标准差为依据，可将单一起泡剂盐敏性划分为弱盐敏、中等盐敏及强盐敏3个级别；根据复配体系中是否含有弱盐敏表面活性剂和盐敏指数平均值与标准差，可判断复配体系盐敏性的强弱。图14表1参28

The salinity affected the foaming ability of foaming agent and the stability of foam. The compounding of different types of foaming agent could play a synergistic effect on foam and enhance the salt tolerance of foam. Four kinds of water with salinity of 0，50，100 and 150 g/L，three surfactants including sodium alpha olefin sulfonate（AOS），sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS）and anionic-nonionic surfactant（SS-163）were selected to prepare foaming agent solution. In order to simulate the contacting process between foam and formation water with high salinity after foam injection，the brine with salinity of 220 g/L was injected into the foam. The foaming performance of surfactant system was evaluated by Waring Blender method. And the concept of salt sensitivity index was put forward to define the evaluation standard of salt sensitivity，which was suitable for the compound system of foaming agent and single foaming agent. The results showed that when foaming with brine，the salt tolerance of surfactant complex system was better than that of single surfactant system. The salinity of brine had a great effect on the foaming properties of anionic surfactant AOS and SDS，but had little effect on anionic-nonionic surfactant SS-163. There was a critical point C of salt tolerance in the range of salinity 100 to 150 g/L. When the salinity was less than C，the compound effect of AOS and SDS was the best with the mass ratio of 1∶1，while the salinity was greater than C，the compound effect of SDS and SS-163 was the best with the mass ratio of 1∶1. According to the average salt sensitivity index and standard deviation of foaming agent，the salt sensitivity of single foaming agent could be divided into three grades，such as weak salt sensitivity，medium salt sensitivity and strong salt sensitivity. And according to whether the compound system contained weak salt sensitive surfactant and the average value and standard deviation of salt sensitivity index，the strength of salt sensitivity of the compound system could be judged.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2019.03.022