纳米材料和技术在石油勘探开发领域的应用研究进展

Research Progress on the Application of Nanomaterial and Technology in Petroleum Exploration

牟绍艳 史胜龙 房 堃 温庆志

MOU Shaoyan SHI Shenglong FANG Kun WEN Qingzhi

纳米材料尺寸小、比表面积大，表现出特殊的力学、磁学、电学、热学、光学和化学性质，广泛应用于石油勘 探开发的诸多方向。通过梳理纳米材料在描述地层参数、压裂过程、油田废水处理等几个方面的作用，总结了纳 米材料在石油勘探开发重点领域的研究进展，展望其未来低成本化的研究趋势。纳米材料可以用作油气勘探开 发过程中的新型传感器和智能机器人，进行数据监测、分析；可以作为钻井和压裂过程中的添加剂；制备纳米催 化膜处理油田废水等。纳米材料的应用可解决部分现有石油开采的难题，提高非常规油气资源的采收率。参44

Because of small size，large specific surface area，nanomaterial exhibited good mechanical，magnetic，electrical， thermal，optical and chemical properties，and was widely used in the field of petroleum exploration and development. By combing nanomaterial in the description of formation parameter，fracturing process and oilfield wastewater treatment，etc.，the research progress of nanomaterial in the key areas of petroleum exploration and development was summarized，and the future research trending of low cost was expected. Nanomaterial could be used as new sensor and intelligent robot in oil and gas exploration and development process for data monitoring and analysis，as additive in drilling and fracturing process，and to prepare nanocatalytic membrane for oilfield wastewater treatment. The application of nanomaterial could solve some of the problems of existing oil exploitation and improve the recovery of unconventional oil and gas resource

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2019.03.033