稠油热采用起泡剂的筛选

Evaluation of Foaming Agent for Heavy Oil Thermal Recovery

张建强 潘竟军 邓伟兵 王容军 张天赐

ZHANG Jianqiang PAN Jingjun DENG Weibing WANG Rongjun ZHANG Tianci

为获得起泡性能和耐温性能良好的稠油热采用起泡剂， 评价了石油磺酸盐、 烷基苯磺酸盐、 α-烯烃磺酸盐、 烷基醇醚羧酸盐、 烷基醇醚磺酸盐等 12种常用的国产表面活性剂的起泡能力和热稳定性。结果表明， 烷基苯磺 酸盐、 α-烯烃磺酸盐、 烷基二苯醚二磺酸盐、 短链醇醚磺酸盐和短链醇醚羧酸盐具有较好的起泡能力和泡沫稳定 性； 12种表面活性剂中， 长链α-烯烃磺酸盐和长链烷基苯磺酸盐在高温下的阻力因子最高， 重烷基苯磺酸盐和石 油磺酸盐的阻力因子最低； 在实验条件下， 各表面活性剂的耐温能力依次为： 烷基苯磺酸盐>α-烯烃磺酸盐>烷基 二苯磺醚二磺酸盐>醇醚磺酸盐≈醇醚羧酸盐>重烷基苯磺酸盐>石油磺酸盐。建议用长碳链烷基苯磺酸盐或长 链α-烯烃磺酸盐作为高温起泡剂。图7表 1参13

In order to obtain foaming agent for heavy oil thermal recovery with good foaming ability and temperature resistance，12 kinds of heat-resisting surfactants including petroleum sulfonate， alkylbenzene sulfonate， α-olefin sulfonate， alkyl ether carboxylate and alkyl phenol ether sulfonate were studied. The foaming ability and thermal stability of these surfactants were systematically evaluated. The results showed that some surfactants had better foaming ability and stability，including alkylbenzene sulfonate，α-olefin sulfonate，Gemini alkylbenzene sulfonate，short chain alcohol ether sulfonate and short chain alcohol ether carboxylate. The long chain α-olefin sulfonate and long chain alkylbenzene sulfonate had the biggest resistance factor among 12 kinds of surfactants，while heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate and petroleum sulfonate had the lowest value. The surfactants were arranged according to the thermal tolerance under experiment condition in following order: alkylbenzene sulfonate > α-olefin sulfonate > Gemini alkylbenzene sulfonate > alcohol ether sulfonates ≈ alcohol ether carboxylate > heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate > petroleum sulfonate. It was recommended that long chain alkylbenzene sulfonate or long chain α-olefin sulfonate should be used as high temperature resistant foaming agent