Gemini型自增稠清洁压裂液流变特性

Rheological Properties of Clean Fracturing Fluid with Self-thickening Gemini Surfactant

熊家培 卢拥军 邱晓惠 方波 明华 翟文 王梁元 刘玉婷 王丽伟

XIONG Jiapei LU Yongjun QIU Xiaohui FANG Bo MING Hua ZHAIWen WANG Liangyuan LIU Yuting WANG Liwei

为提高清洁压裂液的耐温性能、降低压裂液成本，以长碳链烷基酰胺丙基二甲胺、环氧氯丙烷、盐酸等为主要原料合成了Gemini 型阳离子表面活性剂GX22，研究了GX22 自增稠形成的清洁压裂液体系的流变性和耐温性。结果表明，在不加反离子盐的条件下，GX22 溶于水即可形成胶束体系。GX22 清洁压裂液具有明显的剪切变稀性，流动曲线可用Cross 模型模拟；其触变性随GX22 浓度的增加而增强，体系结构强度随浓度增加而增强；随角频率的增加，压裂液弹性模量G'和黏性模量G''均增加，且G'大于G''，体系以弹性为主；GX22 清洁压裂液耐温性良好，含3% GX22 清洁压裂液在110℃、170 s-1下剪切90 min 后的黏度为33.53 mPa·s。GX22 合成步骤少、原料易得、产物无需后处理，压裂液配制简单，与同类型清洁压裂液相比，成本较低。图8 表1参20

In order to improve the heat resistance and lower the cost of clean fracturing fluid，a Gemini cationic surfactant GX22 was synthesized by long carbon chain alkyl amide propyl dimethylamine，epoxy chloropropane and hydrochloric acid. The heat resistance and rheology of clean fracturing fluid consisting of GX22 were investigated. The results showed that GX22 could form micelle system in aqueous solution without salt. The clean fracturing system was characterized by significant shear thinning property，and the flow curve of system could be described by Cross constitutive equation model. The thixotropy enhanced withincreasing GX22 concentration，which meant the structural strength was stronger. The elastic modulus G' and viscous modulus G'' both increased when angular frequency increased，and G' was always greater than G''，which indicated that the elastic modulus of fluids was predominant. The viscosity of clean fracturing fluid with 3% GX22 was 33.53 mPa·s after shearing for 90 minutes at 110℃ and 170 s-1，showing good temperature resistance. Compared with the same type of clean fracturing fluid，the clean fracturing fluid with GX22 had such features as simple synthetic process，available raw materials and without product reprocess of GX22，easy preparation and low cost of fracturing fluid.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2018.01.011