α-烯基磺酸钠与碳酸钠复配降黏剂对稠油乳化降黏效果的影响

Effect of Alpha Olefin Sulfonate and Sodium Carbonate Compound Viscosity Reducer on the Viscosity Reduction of Viscous Crude Oil

杨志坚 马贵阳 胡志勇 赵志才

YANG ZhiJian， MA Guiyang， HU Zhiyong， ZHAO Zhicai

为降低稠油黏度， 改善稠油的流动性能， 将α-烯基磺酸盐（AOS）与碳酸钠（Na2CO3）复配作为降黏剂， 研究了二者加量对稠油乳化降黏的影响， 分析了乳化降黏机理。结果表明， AOS耐温性良好， 形成的 O/W型乳状液稳定性随温度升高而增强。AOS对稠油的乳化降黏效果较好， 稠油乳液黏度随 AOS加量增大而逐渐降低， AOS加量为 2.0%时的稠油降黏效果最佳， 降黏率为 81.95%。AOS与 Na2CO3复配对稠油乳化降黏有协同增效的作用， 1.0% Na2CO3与 0.05% AOS按体积比 1∶1复配后的稠油乳化降黏效果最佳， 稠油降黏率为 98.22%； 与单独使用 AOS相比， AOS与碱复配后的稠油乳液黏度降低， AOS用量减少， 经济效益提高。图 8参 27

In order to reduce the viscosity and improve the fluidity of viscous crude oil， the effect of the dosage of viscosity reducer consisted of alpha olefin sulfonate（AOS）and sodium carbonate（Na2CO3）on the viscosity reduction of viscous crude oil were studied and the mechanism of emulsification and viscosity reduction was analyzed. The results showed that the temperature resistance of AOS was good. The stability of O/W emulsion increased with increasing temperature. The effect of AOS on the emulsification and viscosity reduction of viscous crude oil was good. The viscosity of viscous crude oil emulsion decreased gradually with increasing AOS dosage. The viscosity reduction effect of viscous crude oil was the best with 81.95% viscosity reduction rate when the mass fraction of AOS was 2%. AOS and Na2CO3 compound system had synergistic effect on emulsification and viscosity reduction of viscous crude oil. The viscosity reduction effect of viscous crude oil after mixing with 1% Na2CO3 and 0.05% AOS in 1∶1 volume ratio was the best， and the viscosity reduction rate of viscous crude oil was 98.22%. Compared with the use of AOS alone， the viscosity of viscous crude oil emulsion decreased with the combination of AOS and alkali， the AOS dosage reduced and the economic benefit improved.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2018.01.025