鲁克沁深层超稠油超临界蒸汽有效动用技术研究

Effective Use of Technology Research and Application of Supercritical Steam on Deep Super-heavy Oil in Lukeqin Oilfield

殷庆国 霍海波 黄 鹏 王崇先 吴 迪 罗 中

YIN Qingguo，HUO Haibo，HUANG Peng，WANG Chongxian，WU Di，LUO Zhong

克沁东区梧桐沟组稠油油藏具有埋藏深、 黏度大、 地层压力高的特点， 常规蒸汽锅炉注汽困难， 有效开发难度大。针对突出的生产矛盾， 提出了深层超稠油超临界蒸汽吞吐增产技术。通过物理模拟及数值模拟技术研究了超临界蒸汽的特性， 分析了超临界蒸汽的增产机理， 通过建立的超临界注汽热力参数计算模型， 对注入参数进行优化设计， 对沿程参数进行模拟计算， 并在鲁克沁东区开展超临界蒸汽吞吐现场试验。结果表明， 超临界蒸汽具有高溶解性、 高扩散性及高反应等特性， 在深层稠油开发中会产生不同于普通热流体的增强效应； 在 35MPa、 400℃和注入体积为 3.5 PV的条件下， 超临界蒸汽的驱油效率可达 90%以上。通过计算得到超临界蒸汽吞吐适宜的注入参数为： 注汽温度高于 375℃、 注汽排量 5.4～ 9 t/h、 前期三轮次注汽规模 3600 t、 井口注汽压力 27MPa、 焖井时间为 3～ 4 d。引进 35 MPa超临界压力蒸汽锅炉及井口等配套设备， 成功实施 3口井 9轮次吞吐试验， 累计增油 4000余吨， 增油效果明显， 可用于鲁克沁东区深层超稠油的开发。图 10表 2参 28

Due to the characteristics of great burial depth，high viscosity and high formation pressure with Wutong formation heavy oil reservoir in the east of Lukeqin oilfield，the conventional steam boiler had low efficiency because of difficult injection. In view of the outstanding production contradiction，supercritical steam soaking technology was put forward to increase production. The characteristics of supercritical steam were studied by physical simulation and numerical simulation，and the mechanism of enhanced recovery of crude oil by supercritical steam was analyzed. Through the establishment of supercritical steam injection parameter calculation model，the injection parameters were optimized and the parameters along flow was simulated. Finally，a pilot test in Lukeqin oilfield was carried out. The results showed that supercritical steam had the features of high solubility，high diffusivity and high reaction. The enhancement effect produced in the development of deep heavy oil was different from that of ordinary hot fluid. Under the condition of 35 MPa，400℃ and 3.5 PV injection volume，the displacement efficiency of supercritical steam was above 90%. The optimum injection parameters of supercritical steam were obtained by calculation：>375℃ steam injection temperature， 5.4—9 t/h steam injection capacity，3600 t steam injection scale in the early three rounds，27 MPa steam injection pressure at wellhead and 3—4 days soak time. By introducing a 35 MPa supercritical pressure steam boiler and wellhead equipment，3 wells in 9 rounds of steam soaking tests were successfully implemented with 4000 tons cumulative oil，showing obvious oil increment. The supercritical steam soaking technology could be used for the development of deep ultra heavy oil in the east of Lukeqin oilfield.

10.19346./j.cnki.1000-4092.2017.04.014