速溶型低损害疏水缔合聚合物压裂液的研究与应用

Research and Application of Fracturing Fluid Formulated by Hydrophobic Associating Polymer with Rapid Dissolvability and Low Damage Property

刘宽 罗平亚 丁小惠 郭拥军 王翔 林代洪

LIU Kuan LUO Pingya DING Xiaohui GUO Yongjun WANG Xiang LIN Daihong

常用的胍胶压裂液残渣含量高、对地层损害率大，而大部分粉状聚合物类稠化剂溶解时间较长，无法满足大型压裂连续混配对稠化剂溶解时间的要求。为解决上述问题，以速溶型疏水缔合聚合物GAF-TP为稠化剂、非离子型表面活性剂GAF-2 为增效辅剂、GAF-16（季铵盐类）为黏土稳定剂配制了压裂液，优选了压裂液配方，对压裂液的耐温抗剪切能力、岩心损害等性能进行了评价，并在鄂尔多斯盆地某气井进行了现场应用。结果表明，GAF-TP 溶解性和增黏能力好于胍胶，溶解时间短，室内常温下的溶解时间为60 s，现场（5℃）溶解时间为1~2min；配方为0.5% GAF-TP+0.3% GAF-2+0.3% GAF-16 的压裂液耐温抗剪切性较好，对岩心基质渗透率的损害率和压裂液破胶液对支撑充填层渗透率的损害率均小于10%，对储层的损害小于胍胶压裂液；该压裂液现场施工顺利，压后无阻流量达11.85×104m3/d，返排率达到80%，增产效果显著。图5 表4 参11

The currently used guar-gum based fracturing fluid had high residue content and serious damage to formation. What’s more，most powdered synthetic polymer based thickening agent had long dissolution time，which cannot meet the requirement of dissolution time of thickening agent in large-scale continuously blending of fracturing fluids. In order to solve these problem，the fracturing fluid formulated by fast dissolving hydrophobic associating polymer GAF-TP as thickening agent，nonionic surfactant GAF-2 as synergist and quaternary ammonium salt GAF-16 as clay stabilizer was prepared. The formula of fracturing fluid was optimized，and the temperature and shear resistances as well as the damage to core were evaluated. Finally，the fracturing fluid was applied on one gas well in Ordos Basin. The results showed that the solubility and viscosity increasing property of GAF-TP were better than those of guar-gum. GAF-TP had short dissolution time with 60 s under room temperature in the lab and 1—2 min at 5℃ on site. The associating fracturing fluid with formula of 0.5% GAF-TP+0.3% GAF-2+0.3% GAF-16 had better temperature and shear resistances and lower damage than those of guar-gum based one. The damage ratio of fracturing fluid to matrix permeability and that of gel breaking liquid to proppant packing formation were all lower than 10%. After successful operation of associating fracturing fluid on site，absolute flow rate（AOF）was up to 11.85 × 104 m3/d and flowback ratio of fracturing fluid was 80%，showing remarkable stimulation effect.

10.19346./j.cnki.1000-4092.2017.03.011