离子度对丙烯酰胺（AM）和甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵（DMC）共聚物破胶及酸降解的影响研究

Study on the Influence of Ionic Degree to Gel Breaking and Acid Degradation of P （DMC-AM）

陈 奎 张汝生 贺甲元 李洁华 谭 鸿

CHEN Kui ZHANG Rusheng HE Jiayuan LI Jiehua TAN Hong

为研究阳离子型聚丙烯酰胺类酸液稠化剂在较高温度酸液中的破胶和降解行为， 在 pH值 7.5、 温度 40～ 60℃条件下， 单体甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵 （DMC） /丙烯酰胺 （AM） 配比为 12/0、 9/3、 6/6、 3/9、 0/12时合成了离子度分别为 100.0%、 49.1%、 45.9%、 12.7%、 0.0%的 PDMC、 P（DMC-AM）和 PAM， 探索了不同阳离子度的P（DMC-AM） 共聚物降解后溶液黏度变化， 通过红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱分析了降解前后 P （DMC-AM） 的结构变化。结果表明： 分别用质量分数 2%和 10%的盐酸配制的质量分数 1%的五种样品酸液， 在 120℃下分别降解24 h和 48 h， 随阳离子度的增加， 降解后 P （DMC-AM） 溶液的黏度略有增加， 较大的阳离子侧链可能会抑制降解，阳离子度的增大也会抑制破胶。P（DMC-AM）的降解主要以主链的断链为主， 伴有酯键和酰胺键的断裂， 随酸浓度的增大， 降解程度增大。图 16表 1参 13

In order to investigate the gel breaking and degradation behavior of cationic polyacrylamide thickener in acid solutions at higher temperature，poly（methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride）PDMC， poly（acrylamide）PAM and P（DMC-AM） with ionic degree of 100.0%， 0.0%， 49.1%，45.9% and 12.7% ，respectively，were synthesized under the condition of pH 7.5 and the temperature of 40~60℃ with the DMC/AM monomer mass ratio of 12/0，0/12，9/3，6/6，3/9，respectively. The change of solution viscosity of P（DMC-AM）with different cationic degree before and after degradation was explored，and the structural change of P（DMC-AM）before and after degradation were analyzed by IR and 1H-NMR. The results showed that when the five samples were dissolved in acidic liquid（2% or 10% hydrochloric acid）with the mass fraction of 1%，and then was leaved at the temperature of 120℃ for 24 h or 48 h，with the increase of ionic degree，the viscosity of P（DMC-AM）solution increased slightly after degradation in general. The steric hindrance effect of cationic side chain could inhibit the degradation，and the higher ionic degree could inhibit gel-breaking. During the degradation process，P（DMC-AM）chiefly occurred backbone scission accompanied by ester bond and amide bond cleavage. Moreover，the degradation of copolymer increased with the increase of the concentration of hydrochloric acid.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2017.02.009