耐高温阳离子聚合物压裂液的制备与性能研究

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of Cationic Polymer Fracturing Fluid with High Temperature Resistance

罗 辉 雷 蓓 石孟可 张 熙

LUO Hui， LEI Bei，SHI Mengke，ZHANG Xi

为获得具有良好耐温抗剪切性能的聚合物压裂液， 设计并合成了含阳离子基团的丙烯酰胺共聚物 PAAD及配套有机钛交联剂 TC， 以 PAAD为稠化剂、 TC为交联剂、 多羟基化合物 MH为交联促进剂， 制备了阳离子聚合物压裂液。研究了 PAAD、 TC、 MH、 pH值对压裂液性能的影响。结果表明， PAAD具有较强的增黏能力， 可作为压裂液稠化剂使用； TC可在酸性条件下与聚合物 PAAD交联形成聚合物冻胶； MH在高温条件下能与 PAAD稠化剂反应， 促进聚合物交联网络的形成， 提高压裂液黏度及耐温性能。该压裂液的性能与体系组成有关， 随聚合物 PAAD浓度的增加， 压裂液冻胶黏度增大， 但 PAAD加量超过 0.6%后冻胶黏度增幅减小。在 PAAD浓度一定的条件下， TC和 MH均存在对应冻胶高黏度的最佳浓度值。体系 pH值对压裂液的性能影响较大， pH=3~ 4时压裂液成胶性能较好。组成为 0.6% PAAD+1.0% TC+0.2% MH（pH=3~ 4）的压裂液经 150℃、 170 s-1连续剪切 90min后的黏度仍保持在 90 mPa· s左右， 满足 150℃高温油气井压裂施工需要。图 3表 3参 13

In order to obtain a polymer fracturing fluid with good performance on temperature and shearing resistance，a acrylamide copolymer PAAD which contained cationic groups and organic titanium cross-linking agent TC were designed and synthesized. The cationic polymer fracturing fluid was prepared by thickening agent PAAD，crosslinking agent TC and crosslinking accelerator polyol MH. The effects of the concentration of PAAD，TC，MH and pH value on the properties of fracturing fluid were investigated. The results showed that PAAD might be used as thickening agent and it had excellent viscosifying ability. TC could crosslink PAAD effectively to form polymer gel at acidic condition. MH reacted with PAAD under high temperature that could promote the formation of polymer crosslinking network and improve the viscosity and high temperature resistance of fracturing fluid. The properties of fracturing fluid were obviously affected by the composition of fracturing fluid. The viscosity of fracturing fluid increased with increasing concentration of PAAD. But the increase rate of viscosity decreased when the dosage of PAAD was above 0.6%. When the PAAD was in a certain concentration，TC and MH had an optimum concentration for the high viscosity gel. pH value had a considerable effect on the properties of fracturing fluid. The optimum pH value to prepare fracturing fluid was 3—4. The viscosity of fracturing fluid that contained 0.6% PAAD，1.0% TC and 0.2% MH remained 90 mPa·s after continuous shearing for 90 minutes at 150℃ and 170 s-1，which could meet the requirement of fracturing construction in oil and gas wells at high temperature（150℃）.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2017.02.013