宝力格油田微生物采油过程中菌群演替规律研究

Study on Microbial Community Structure Changes During MEOR Treatment in Baolige Oilfield

任付平 王冠 游靖 吴应德 裴亚托 邵忠华

REN Fuping，WANG Guan，YOU Jing，WU Yingde，PEI Yatuo，SHAO Zhonghua

为了明确宝力格油田微生物采油过程中菌群演替规律，利用16S rDNA高通量测序分析技术对宝力格油田微生物驱过程中和结束后的重点油井产出液中的菌群种类及相对丰度进行了连续跟踪检测。结果表明，油藏样品生物多样性十分丰富，但物种分布非常不均。微生物驱阶段由于不断地向油藏补充营养剂和外源菌，优势菌群以假单胞菌属、不动杆菌属、另希瓦氏菌属、陶厄氏菌属、盐单胞菌和沃林氏菌属等烃降解菌为主，该阶段微生物的主要作用效果是代谢产生生物表面活性剂，重点油井产出液中表面活性剂含量平均升高44.23%、表面张力平均降低12.75%。微生物驱结束后由于停止向油藏补充营养物质，菌群种类发生变化，烃降解菌相对丰度下降，厌氧产气菌群相对丰度增加，其中巴18-41 井产甲烷菌丰度由0.116%增加到40.77%，该阶段微生物的主要作用是发酵产气，与微生物驱前相比，微生物驱结束60 d 后甲烷气体含量增加10.65 个百分点。图1 表6参15

In order to understand the change of the microbial community during process of MEOR displacing in Baolige oil field， the type and abundance of the microbial community in the key oil wells was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the microbial diversity of the analyzed reservoir was rich，while the species distribution was very uneven.The abundant genera were Pseudomonas，Acinetobacter，Alishewanella，Thauera，Halomonas and Wolinella during the process of microbial enhanced oil recovery，which indicated that the main microbial role in this stage was to produce biosurfactant and degrade the hydrocarbon. The biosurfactant concentration increased by 44.23% on average，and the surface tension of the produced liquid decreased by 12.75% on average. When the injection of the nutrients to the reservoir was over，the concentration of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria decreased，and the abundance of anaerobacteria and methanogens increased. The methanogens abundance increased from 0.116% to 40.77% in oil well B18-41. In this stage，the main microbial role was to produce gas by anaerobic fermentation. After the completion of microbial displacement of 60 days，the methane gas content increased 10.65%.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2017.02.025