稠油W/O型乳状液转相特性研究

Study on Inversion Characteristic for Water-in-oil Emulsion of Heavy Crude Oil

李美蓉 于光松 张丁涌 刘凯

LI Meirong YU Guangsong ZHANG Dingyong LIU Kai

为揭示稠油W/O型乳状液转相机理、指导稠油开采及运输，以胜利油田五种稠油样品为研究对象，通过测定不同含水率稠油乳状液的黏度及稠油视HLB 值并结合灰熵关联方法，研究分析了稠油由W/O型乳状液向O/W型乳状液的转化过程、稠油乳状液黏度与四组分（饱和分、芳香分、胶质、沥青质）的关系，尝试用稠油的视HLB值解释了不同稠油乳状液乳化转相点的差异原因。按灰熵关联法排列乳化稠油黏度与其极性组分的关联度由大到小的顺序为：重质组分（胶质+沥青质）＞芳香分＞饱和分，重质组分是影响乳化稠油高黏的主要因素。对于同一种稠油来说，随着含水率的增加，乳状液表观黏度呈先增大后减小的趋势；随着温度的升高，稠油乳状液转相点增大。胜利油田5 种脱水稠油黏度（50℃）由大到小顺序为：草20-平124（14400 mPa·s）＜王152-1（22400mPa·s）＜草20-平149（24000 mPa·s）＜草20-平131（76800 mPa·s）＜草南平40（89400 mPa·s）；含水率30%的5种稠油乳状液黏度的大小顺序与脱水稠油黏度的顺序一致，稠油乳状液的乳化转相点（50℃）由高到底的顺序为：草20-平124（59.1%）＞王152-1（55.5%）＞草20-平149（53.5%）＞草20-平131（47.9%）＞草南平40（45.7%）；随着脱水稠油黏度的增大，乳化转相点减小。图5 表4 参12

In order to probe the inversion mechanism of water-in-oil emulsion of heavy oil and to provide the theoretical guidance for oilfield exploitation and transportation，five heavy oil in shengli oil field were used as the research object to study the inversion characteristic of crude water-in-oil emulsion. The viscosity of the heavy oil emulsion with the different cut content and the HLB value of heavy oil emulsion was measured，in addition，combining the grey correlation entropy method，the relationship between the viscosity of heavy oil emulsion and the four components（resin，asphaltene，aromatic and saturate）was investigated，and the reason for the differences of the reserve phase point of heavy oil with different properties was analyzed with the HLB value of heavy oil. The results showed that the order of correlation degree between the polar fractions and the viscosity of heavy oil by grey correlation entropy method was as follows：heavy component（resin + asphaltene）>aromatic>saturate，the influence of heavy component on viscosity of the heavy oil was the greatest. For the same kind of heavy oil，with the increase of water cut，the apparent viscosity of emulsion increased first and then decreased；as the temperature increased，the reverse phase point of heavy oilemulsion raised. The viscosity of five kinds of dehydrated heavy oil in the experiment （50℃ ） was arranged as follows： Cao20-ping124（14400 mPa·s）>Wang152-1（22400 mPa·s）＞Cao20-ping149（24000 mPa·s）＞Cao20-ping131（76800 mPa·s）＞ Caonanping40（89400 mPa·s）. The viscosity of five kinds of heavy oil emulsion with water cut of 30% had the same order in accordance with that of dehydrated heavy oil. The reverse phase point of five heavy oil was arranged as follows：Cao20-ping124 （59.1%）＞Wang152-1（55.5%）＞Cao20-ping149（53.5%）＞Cao20-ping131（47.9%）＞Caonanping40（45.7%）. It was found that the reverse phase of emulsion dropped with the increase of the viscosity of dehydrated heavy oil.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2017.02.028