复合型CMV清洁压裂液的研制与性能评价

Preparation and Performance Evaluation of Compound Cleaning Fracturing Fluid

何 敏 张金生 李丽华

HE Min，ZHANG Jinsheng， LI Lihua

为了得到成本低廉、 性能优异的清洁压裂液， 将季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂CTAB与磺酸盐阴离子表面活性剂MES进行复配， 以KCl为黏土稳定剂， 配制了一种复合型CMV清洁压裂液， 确定了最佳配方并评价了该压裂液耐温抗剪切性、 携砂性及破胶性。研究结果表明： 优化配方 2.5%数 3.5% CTAB+2.0% MES+1.0%黏土稳定剂KCl的复合型 CMV清洁压裂液对酸度不敏感， 应用范围很广。在低温剪切下， 体系表现出剪切增稠现象； 分别在90℃、 120℃下， 持续剪切 （剪切速率170 s-1） 1 h后， CMV清洁压裂液的表观黏度分别为85和40 mPa·s， 适合中温储层。CMV清洁压裂液的携砂能力优于 0.3%羟丙基胍胶压裂液的， 在温度 90℃、 砂比为 10%时， 陶粒（20数40目） 在前者中的沉降速率 （0.634 mm/s） 明显低于在后者中的 （0.9258 mm/s）； 在30℃下， 不同体积比 （1∶10数 1∶5）的 CMV清洁压裂液与柴油混合体系均可在 3 h内自动破胶， 破胶液的表面张力均小于 28.0 mN/m， 返排能力提高， 对地层的伤害性少且原料成本远低于很多现用的清洁压裂液。图6表2参17

In order to obtain a clean fracturing fluid with low cost and excellent performance，a kind of compound cleaning fracturing fluid（CMV）was developed by compounding quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant（CTAB）and sulfonate anionic surfactant（MES），and KCl was used as clay stabilizer. The optimal formula was determined and the performances of the fracturing fluid were evaluated including temperature resistance and shear resistance performance，sand-carrying performance and gel-breaking performance. The experimental results showed that optimal CMV cleaning fracturing fluid composed of 2.5%—3.5% CTAB，2%MES and 1.0%clay stabilizer KCl，was not sensitive to acidity，which could be applied widely. The system showed shear-thickening phenomenon when sheared at low temperature，and the viscosity of fracturing fluid was about 85 mPa·s and 40 mPa·s，respectively，after continuously sheared for 1 h at the shearing rate of 170 s-1 and at the temperature of 90℃ and 120℃，respectively，hence，the CMV cleaning fracturing fluid was suitable for medium temperature reservoir. The sand-carrying performance of the CMV cleaning fracturing fluid was better than that of 0.3% hydroxypropyl guar gum fracturing fluid，at the sand ratio of 10% in volume and at the temperature of 90℃ ，the falling rate（0.634 mm/s）of ceramsite with 20—40 mush was significantly lower than that in the latter（0.9258 mm/s） . At the temperature of 30℃， the CMV cleaning fracturing fluid could completely break within 3 hours when mixed with different diesel at volume ratio of 1:10—1:5，and the surface tension of the gel breaking fluid was less than 28.0 mN/m，resulting in the anti-discharge capacity increased and the damage to the formation decreased，moreover，the cost of the raw materials of the CMV cleaning fracturing fluid was much lower than that of the most existing clean fracturing fluid.

10.19346./j.cnki.1000-4092.2017.01.011