耐温耐盐 P（AM-AMPS-St-AA）共聚物压裂液稠化剂的合成与性能

Synthesis and Properties of P （AM-AMPS-St-AA）Thickener for Fracturing Fluids

张 菅 尹海亮 刘新亮 李文坤 姚媛媛

ZHANG Jian YIN Hailiang LIU Xinliang LI Wenkun YAO Yuanyuan

为获得性能优良的压裂液稠化剂， 以丙烯酰胺 （AM）、 2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸 （AMPS）、 苯乙烯 （St） 和丙烯酸 （AA） 为单体， 采用水溶液聚合法制备出了 AM/AMPS/St/AA 四元共聚物 TKF， 优化了聚合反应条件， 并采用红外光谱表征了 TKF的结构。研究了以稠化剂 TKF 为主剂的压裂液的成胶性能、 耐温抗盐性能、 抗剪切性能和破胶性能。结果表明： 在如下条件下合成的 TKF 具有良好的性能：St 加量为 AM 质量的 9%， AMPS、 AM质量比为 3:7， AA加量为 AM质量的 1.60%， 引发剂加量（相对于单体总量） 0.24 %， 反应温度 45℃， 反应时间 4h， pH 值 8。以稠化剂 TKF 为主剂的压裂液的成胶性、 耐温耐盐性能及抗剪切性能优良。在质量分数 3%的溶液中用 0.3%六次甲基四胺交联后， 所得压裂液冻胶黏度可达 211 mPa·s； 耐温能力达 150℃左右； 在压裂液冻胶中加入 10 g/L 的 CaCl2后黏度仍为 100 mPa·s； 在温度 140℃、 剪切速率 170 s-1下剪切 120 min 后的黏度保留率仍大于 90%。该压裂液用过硫酸铵破胶后的破胶液黏度小于 5 mPa·s， 几乎无残渣， 对地层伤害较小。图 6表2参11

In order to obtain the thickener for fracturing fluids with good performance， using acrylamide （AM） ，2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfon-icacid （AMPS） ， Styrene （St） and acrylicacid （AA） as raw materials， P（AM-AMPS-St-AA），named as TKF，was prepared by aqueous solution polymerization. The reaction condition was optimized by investigating the effects of monomer content，amount of initiator，reaction temperature，and reaction time on the viscosity of TKF solution. The structure of TKF was characterized by infrared spectroscopy，and the performances of the fracturing fluid used TKF as main ingredient，such as gelling ability，Temperature-resistance and Salt-tolerance，shear-resistance and gel breaking property， were evaluated. The results showed that，the TKF had good performance at following polymerization reaction，the content of St was 9% of the AM mass，the quality ratio of AM to AMPS was 3:7，the content of AA was 1.60% of the AM mass，the amount of initiator was 0.24% of the total monomer mass，the reaction temperature was 45℃，the reaction time was 4 hours，and pH was 8. The performances of the fracturing fluids of gelling ability，temperature-resistance and salt-tolerance，shear-resistance and gel breaking property were good. Adding 0.3% hexamethylene tetramine into the TKF solution with mass fraction of 0.3%，the gel was formed and the viscosity could reach up to 211 mPa·s，the temperature resistance of the gel was of about 150℃，the viscosity could remain 100 mPa·s when adding 10 g/L CaCl2 into the gel solution，and the viscosity of the gel after shearing at 140℃ and 170 s-1 for 120 min was greater than 90% of initial viscosity. In addition，the viscosity of the gel-breaking fluid could be reduced to below 5 mPa·s， after the gel was breaked by ammonium persulfate，and residue was little，reducing the damage to formation.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2016.06.006