长庆原油组分对甜菜碱表面活性剂溶液界面张力的影响

Effect of Changqing Crude Oil Fractions on the Interfacial Tension of Betaine Surfactant Solution

刘蕾 李文宏 王丽莉 范伟 张康

LIU Lei LIWenhong WANG Lili FANWei ZHANG Kang

为揭示长庆原油中各组分对表面活性剂溶液界面张力的影响规律，在采用四组分分离方法和碱醇液萃取法对长庆原油进行分离的基础上，考察了原油中各组分与甜菜碱表面活性剂溶液之间的界面张力。结果表明，与甜菜碱表面活性剂作用时，单一的烷烃、芳烃、沥青质组分对超低界面张力的形成贡献很小，而非烃组分与甜 菜碱表面活性剂的界面张力可达到4.82×10-3 mN/m；非烃组分中的石油酸与表面活性剂间的平衡界面张力为0.347 mN/m，石油碱与表面活性剂间的界面张力先迅速降低再升高至约0.1 mN/m，单一的石油酸和石油碱组分均不能有效降低油水界面张力，且二者具有相反的界面行为特点；石油酸与石油碱复配体系与表面活性剂间的界面张力为4.70×10-3 mN/m，二者的协同作用使原油与甜菜碱表面活性剂间的界面张力达到超低。图6 参14

In order to study the influence of the component in Changqing crude oil on the interfacial tension of surfactant solution， the crude oil fractions were obtained by four-fraction separation method and NaOH/ethanol mixture extraction. The interfacial tension between crude oil fraction and betaine surfactant solution was measured. The results showed that single fraction，such as saturate，aromatic and asphaltene had low contribution to the formation of ultra-low interfacial tension. On the other hand，the interfacial tension between non hydrocarbon component and betaine surfactant could reach 4.82 × 10-3 mN/m. The equilibrium interfacial tension between petroleum acid in non hydrocarbon component and surfactant was 0.347 mN/m，while the interfacial tension between petroleum alkali and surfactant decreased rapidly and then increased to about 0.1 mN/m. Single petroleum acid or petroleum alkali could not effectively decrease the interfacial tension to low value，furthermore they had the opposite interface characteristic. The interfacial tension between the compound system of petroleum acid and petroleum alkali and the surfactant was 4.70×10-3 mN/m. The synergistic effect of petroleum acid and petroleum alkali caused the interfacial tension between crude oil and betaine surfactant to reach ultra-low value.

10.19346/j.cnki.1000-4092.2016.06.021